C++ Code in Objective-C Macintosh Applications

Objective-C provides object-oriented features for Macintosh application development, such as inheritance and polymorphism. The language is based on the C programming language; therefore, you can use your C programming knowledge to code within Objective-C. Objective-C++ is a bridge mechanism that allow Objective-C source modules to work with Objective-C++ classes, which could compile and link with C++ code libraries.


The following simple example of a square matrix shows the contents of a C++ header file for a Matrix class. The Matrix class comes with the standard constructor and destructor for a C++ class, and the methods are what you’d expect for a basic square matrix object:


class Matrix
{
public:
Matrix( int inSize );
virtual ~Matrix();
int getSize( void );
int getDeterminant( void );
void setElement( int inRow, int inCol, int inValue );
int getElement( int inRow, int inCol );
Matrix operator+( const Matrix& inAddend );
private:
int m_size;
int[][] m_elements;
};

To use Objective-C++, your Objective-C++ class modules must use the file extension .mm. This tells Xcode’s compiler that the class is to be compiled using Objective-C++, which will allow your class to use C++ language keywords. Using Objective-C++, your app could create a Matrix object to perform basic operations, such as adding two Matrix objects together. This assumes the Objective-C++ source module has #imported the C++ Matrix.h file:


- (void)addTwoMatrices
{
Matrix matrixOne( 3 ); // 3x3 matrix
Matrix matrixTwo( 3 ); // another
int rowIndex = 0;
int colIndex = 0;
for (rowIndex=0; rowIndex<3; ++rowIndex)
{
for (colIndex=0; colIndex<3; ++colIndex)
{
// set matrix one's elements to their values
matrixOne.setElement( rowIndex, colIndex, XXX );
// set matrix two's elements to some other values
matrixTwo.setElement( rowIndex, colIndex, YYY );
}
}
Matrix matrixSum = matrixOne + matrixTwo;

With Objective-C++, your apps are able to take advantage of all the available third-party libraries written for C++.




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Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/c-code-in-objectivec-macintosh-applications.html

ETF Portfolio: Things That Don&#8217;t Matter When Selecting a Portfolio Strategy

Before you invest your money in individual stocks or bonds, exchange traded funds (ETFs) or mutual funds, you should ask yourself these questions: How much return do I need to see? And how much volatility can I stomach?


So few things in the world of investments are sure bets, but this one is: The amount of risk you take or don’t take will have a great bearing on your long-term return. You simply are not going to get rich investing in bank CDs. On the other hand, you aren’t going to lose your nest egg in a single week, either.


Here are just a few things that really shouldn’t enter into your thinking, even though they play into many people’s portfolio decisions:



  • The portfolio of your best friend, which has done great guns.



  • Your personal feelings on the current administration, where the Fed stands on the prime interest rate, and which way hemlines on women’s dresses are moving his fall.



  • The article you clipped out of Lotsa Dough magazine that tells you that you can earn 50 percent a year by investing in . . . whatever.




Listen: Your best friend may be in a completely different economic place than you are. His well-polished ETF portfolio, laid out by a first-rate financial planner, may be just perfect for him and all wrong for you.


As far as the state of the nation and where the Dow is headed, you simply don’t know. The talking heads on TV pretend to know, but they don’t know squat. Nor does the author of that article in the glossy magazine that tells you how you can get rich quickly in the markets. The secrets to financial success cannot be had by forking over $4.50 for a magazine.


The stock market over the course of the past century has returned an average of about 10 percent annually (7 percent or so after inflation). Bonds have returned about half as much. A well-diversified portfolio, by historical standards, has returned something in between stocks and bonds — maybe 7 to 8 percent (4 to 5 percent after inflation).


Don’t take inordinate risk with any sizeable chunk of your portfolio in the hope that you are going to earn 50 percent a year after inflation — or even before inflation. It won’t happen.


On the other hand, don’t pooh-pooh a 7 to 8 percent return. Compound interest is a truly miraculous thing. Invest $20,000 today, add $2,000 each year, and within 20 years, with “only” a 7.5 percent return, you’ll have $171,566. (If inflation is running in the 3 percent ballpark, that $171,566 will be worth about $110,000 in today’s dollars.)




dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/etf-portfolio-things-that-dont-matter-when-selecti.html

Handling Stocks with Microsoft Money 2005

Keeping track of stocks is probably the most problematic task you will ever undertake with Money. Merely figuring out what a short sell is, not to mention a margin buy and a stock split, is hard enough to begin with. How can you record these strange events in an investment or retirement account register?



Recording a purchase of stocks


When you purchase shares of a stock, follow these steps to record the purchase:



1. Click the Investing tab.


2. In the Investing window, click the Investing Tools button and choose Portfolio Manager from the drop-down menu.


The Portfolio Manager window appears.


3. Click the Work with Investments link, and then choose Record a Buy from the drop-down menu.


You see the Edit Transaction dialog box.


4. On the Inv. Account drop-down menu, select the name of the investment or retirement account where you want to record the purchase of the stock shares.


5. In the Date text box, enter the date you purchased the stocks.


Be sure to enter the date correctly. Money needs this date to calculate the stock's value over time.


6. In the Investment drop-down menu, click the arrow and select the stock from the drop-down list.


If this is the first time you have purchased shares of this stock, you see the Create New Investment dialog box.


7. Select Buy from the Activity drop-down list.


New text boxes — Activity, Transfer From, Quantity, Price, Commission, and Total — appear for describing the stock purchase.


8. In the Quantity text box, enter the number of stock shares that you purchased.


When you enter share prices of stock, you can enter fractions. For example, you can enter 50-1/2 or 10-1/4. Money converts the entry to a decimal.


9. In the Price text box, enter the price per share of the stock.


10. In the Commission text box, enter the commission (if you paid one).


The amount in the Total text box should now equal the total purchase price for the stock that is listed on your statement. If the amount isn't correct, review your statement and enter the correct quantity, price, and commission.


11. Click OK.


The purchase of the stock is entered in your account register.


Recording the sale of stocks


Except for the problem of lots, recording the sales of stocks is pretty simple. A lot is a group of securities purchased at the same time for the same price (and also a nephew of Abraham whose wife got turned into a saltshaker, but that's another story). Suppose that you buy 10 shares of Burger Heaven at $10 per share in January, and then buy 10 more shares of the same company at $20 per share in February. In March, you sell 15 shares. How many shares you sell from the $10 lot and the $20 lot is important in determining how much profit you make and how much you have to pay in capital gains taxes. Fortunately, Money can help you decide which shares to sell.



To see which stock lots you have purchased, click the name of the stock in the Portfolio Manager window. You see a miniregister with recently made transactions, as shown in Figure 9-5. Click the More Investment Data button in the miniregister, and choose View Lots from the pop-up menu. As shown in Figure 1, the View Lots dialog box shows you which lots you purchased and how much you paid for the stock in each lot.



Figure 1: Finding out whether you purchased stock in lots.

Follow these steps to record the sale of stock shares:



1. Click the Investing tab and, in the Investing window, click the Portfolio Manager link.


You land in the Portfolio Manager window.


2. If necessary, click the name of the account where you track the stock you want to sell.


To see the name of stocks and other investments in an account, you click the account's name, unless the investment names are already displayed, in which case you don't have to click an account name.


3. Click the name of the stock you sold.


A miniregister showing recently completed transactions appears.


4. Click the Work with Investments link, and then click Record a Sell on the submenu.


As shown in Figure 2, the Edit Transaction dialog box appears. Because you selected the stock you are selling in Step 3, the correct Inv. Account, Investment Name, and Activity options are already selected. However, if you want, you can bypass Steps 2 and 3 by clicking the Work with Investments link and choosing Record a Sell on the submenu. You see the Edit Transaction dialog box straightaway, but you have to choose an Inv. Account and Investment Name in the dialog box.


Figure 2: Selling a stock.

5. In the Quantity text box, enter the number of shares that you sold; enter the price per share in the Price text box.


6. If a commission was charged on the sale, enter the amount of the commission in the Commission text box.


Money enters the total amount of the sale in the Total text box. If the figure is incorrect, double-check the Quantity and Price text boxes to make sure that you entered the numbers correctly.


7. Click OK.


An Advisor FYI Alerts message box informs you whether you need to pay capital gains taxes or the sale resulted in a capital loss. The proceeds from the sale are deposited in your investment or retirement account.


That's all there is to it — unless you purchased the shares in different lots. In that case, you see the What Shares Should I Use? dialog box after you click OK. Unless you tell it otherwise, Money assumes that you want to sell the shares in the lot that you purchased first. To do that, simply click the Finish button.










dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/handling-stocks-with-microsoft-money-2005.html

Why Use Macro and Close-Up Photography

Making life-size representations of your photography subjects referred to as macro photography. When used in the traditional fashion, ordinary lenses can’t produce an in-focus, life-size representation of your subject on your digital sensor.


This is fine for subjects that are much larger than your camera’s digital sensor; but if you want to photograph a very small subject, or a small detail of a larger subject, then ordinary equipment used in the traditional way won’t cut it.


Typically in photography, your subjects appear very small on the digital sensor (or film plane) in relation to their true size. A landscape photograph can cause mountains to fit comfortably into a 36mm x 24mm frame. A portrait fits a person’s head into the same tiny frame.


Focal length, focusing distance, and final output determine how large a lens can depict a subject. Understanding these three elements and how they affect your photography gives you a foundation for making wise decisions when purchasing macro and close-up equipment, and when creating your shots.


If you’re in a scientific field, such as forensics, or you’re discovering and documenting new species in the less-explored parts of the world, you might need to create images that reveal the subject in its actual size.


You can also use macro techniques to create the “life-size” image of shredded wheat that appears on the cereal box, create a series of artistic pieces that show subjects in their true size, or just to brag to your friends that your subjects have so much detail in them because you photographed them at life-size on your digital sensor.


Knowing is simply better than not knowing, and perhaps the best reason to understand macro and close-up photography is so you know what gear you’ll need to produce the style of images you’re going for.


When you drive into a mechanic’s garage to have your car looked at, you probably throw a few key words out there to let him know you’re aware of the parts that make up your car and the purposes they serve. This helps you feel confident that you won’t get taken for a ride (so to speak), and it shows your knowledge of the heavy machine you operate on a daily basis.


The camera shop is a lot like the mechanic’s garage. You want to be prepared and knowledgeable before walking in, or you may feel overwhelmed by the camera jargon being tossed around by salespeople. This awkward moment can cause you to make poor decisions based on what a salesperson thinks is a good idea, rather than making wise decisions based on what you know is a good idea.


By understanding the difference between a piece of equipment that actually produces macro results, and one that just sort of gets you close to the action, you can ensure that you purchase what’s right for you and for the type of photography you’ll be looking to produce.




dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/why-use-macro-and-closeup-photography.html

Preserving and Restoring Historic Buildings and Sites

Rebuilding, restoring, or upgrading sites and buildings of importance to an area’s history is an effective way to contribute to your local environment. You can join in one of thousands of projects going on around the country or, if you’re ambitious, you can launch one of your own locally. The following federal programs provide opportunities to get involved in a variety of projects in the areas of building restoration and archaeological studies:



  • The National Park Service is one of many resources that you can tap into if you’re interested in either restoring an old house you’re purchasing as your home or launching a community project to preserve a building with historic significance. The service’s Technical Preservation Services department is the best place to start; use its checklist for evaluating the building and planning the rehabilitation:



    • Check available documentation.



    • Evaluate the building’s historic character.



    • Assess architectural integrity and physical condition.



    • Plan the rehabilitation work.



    • Check codes and other legal requirements.



    • Check use of federal funds.



    • Check available publications.





  • The USDA Forest Service offers ordinary people a Passport in Time — a volunteer archaeology and historic preservation program in which you work with professionals in national forests throughout the nation. Previous projects indicate the range of work that you can participate in: stabilizing ancient cliff dwellings in New Mexico; excavating a 10,000-year-old village site in Minnesota; restoring a historic lookout tower in Oregon; cleaning vandalized rock art in Colorado; and serving as information specialists at various sites.




To find local projects in need of help, contact local historic preservation societies or groups, local chambers of commerce, local community or county government offices, and state historic preservation offices. You also may find projects via the Internet by entering the name of your local area plus the words historic building preservation or historic restoration.




dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/preserving-and-restoring-historic-buildings-and-si.html

M&amp;A Company Valuation: Trim Staff and Cut Dead Weight

If you want to maximize the company’s valuation before heading in to an M&A deal, you need to maximize the company’s profits. One way is to reduce and eliminate wasteful expenditures, and because the largest expense of most businesses is personnel, you may have to make some difficult decisions.


Please don’t read this suggestion as a license to be capricious or cruel. Don’t start firing staffers simply for the sake of cutting positions. Make a determination of what personnel you need to run the business and simply execute on that decision.


Don’t be afraid to be tough. No one likes to let people go; it’s difficult. But if certain employees aren’t pulling their weight or aren’t performing up to expectations, you need to lay them off. If an otherwise-good employee is in a low/no value position, either move that employee into a productive role or bite the bullet and let him go.


If some staffers are on the edge, give them a chance to improve. Set realistic goals and give them the tools to succeed. People respond to this challenge in one of two ways: Either they step up and improve their performance to a tolerable level or they quit. Either option is a suitable outcome.




dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/ma-company-valuation-trim-staff-and-cut-dead-weigh.html

Looking at Power Filters for Your Saltwater Aquarium

A power filter is the one of the easier and least complicated water-filter systems for your saltwater aquarium. The design is simple: Water is pulled into the filter media and pumped back to the tank. You can choose from external, external with a biowheel, or internal (submersible) versions:



  • External power filter: This unit looks like a big square cup that hangs on the outside of the tank, and it's powered by its own motor. The filter generally contains filter floss or filter sponges and activated carbon as the filter media. Water is drawn into the filter by a U-shaped intake tube, flows through the filter media, and is pumped back to the tank either through a tube or a spillway. The filter media provide mechanical and chemical filtration; biological filtration is established as the filter matures, and bacteria colonize it. Therefore, these filters provide all three kinds of filtration and are specifically designed to turn over large amounts of water. The power filter also circulates the water, providing valuable aeration.

    These filters are easy to maintain — most have simple cartridges that can be routinely replaced. Remember to retain half of the used filter floss or use a sponge-type media so that you can hang onto helpful bacteria.

  • External power filter with a biowheel: The biowheel rotates so that it comes into contact with both the air and water in the filter. As water moves through the filter, the wheel spins, exposing millions of bacteria that live on the wheel to the air and the water. Because these bacteria need air to efficiently convert ammonia, this system provides enhanced biological filtration in your power filter. Biowheels don't need cleaning, so they enable you to retain these bacteria even if you replace the internal filter media.

    Biowheels are also offered as separate units that hang on the back of your aquarium and are powered by a powerhead or canister filter.

  • Internal power filter: Also known as submersible filters, these are similar to external versions, but it sits inside the tank. That position takes up valuable tank space and obstructs the view. Some newer models, however, are neatly disguised as aquarium decorations. Most models provide mechanical, chemical, and biological filtration.

    Internal power filters are smaller than external versions, so they hold much less filter media. As a result, they process less waste from the water, and you'll need to clean them more often.









dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/looking-at-power-filters-for-your-saltwater-aquari.html

Essentials for Success in Mind Magic and Mentalism

If you want to perform for an audience and be successful over a long period of time in mind magic and mentalism as an entertainer, you really need to take the following points on board:



  • Know your place: Know that you’re just an entertainer, and nothing more.



  • Be sincere: People don’t care what you know or what you can do, unless they know you care about them.



  • Act natural: Be you. Don’t act like you’re acting.



  • Relax: Settle down and enjoy performances. Learn to eliminate nerves or your show will be unbelievable.



  • Use the right props: Use things that complement your show and are congruent with who you are.



  • Be honest: Don’t go around saying you’re a ‘real’ psychic. Don’t be afraid to be honest about your dishonesty.



  • Be entertaining, not boring: Study acting, study theatre, learn comedy. Always make the show about your audience and entertain them. Anything less and you won’t have a career.



  • Do it for others: Perform for others as you’d like to be performed for. Make it about them, not about you. Don’t let your mentalism be an ego trip.



  • Get honest feedback: Ask people you trust to watch your performances and give honest feedback. And listen to them, even if it stings.



  • Challenge yourself: Never settle for where you were yesterday. Use every day to improve.



  • Set your eyes on the stars: Watch people who are where you want to be and model yourself after them. Learn from other people’s success and mistakes, and you will do well.



  • Compete against yourself only: Never worry about other people or what they say about you. Compete against yourself. Challenge yourself. Push yourself. And put everyone else in your rearview window.






dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/essentials-for-success-in-mind-magic-and-mentalism.html

Things to Keep Away from Your Rabbit

Some everyday things you don’t think twice about are dangerous to your rabbit. And some things toxic to you are especially bad for your bunny. Your hopping pet can do damage to household items as well. To keep everybun (sorry!) happy and healthy, keep your rabbit away from these things:



  • Antifreeze



  • Balconies



  • Carpet edges



  • Cleaning fluids



  • Electrical cords



  • Heating elements



  • Paint fumes



  • Stairways



  • Telephone wires



  • Toxic plants











dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/things-to-keep-away-from-your-rabbit.html

Insurance, Crummey, and Grantor-Retained Interest Trusts

Insurance trusts, Crummey trusts, and grantor-retained interest trusts can solve issues that arise with an estate. Insurance trusts ensure that an estate meets its cash needs. Crummey trusts are designed to avoid gift taxes on transfers. Grantor-retained interest trusts allow the grantor, the person who creates the trust, to transfer property into a trust without losing the benefit of that property.


Insurance trusts: Funding the estate’s cash needs


Insurance trusts are used to ensure that adequate funds are available to pay the cash needs of an estate.


Sometimes the majority of a decedent’s estate is comprised of assets that have real value but cannot be readily transferred into a trust. For example, a decedent’s estate may include a company that he or she owned. In cases such as this, the estate may not have enough cash to cover the due taxes.


Insurance trusts use insurance policies and a small amount of cash as assets. The trust owns the insurance policies on the life of the grantor. When the grantor dies, the policies pay into the trust and money is then available to pay the debts of the decedent and the estate.


Use insurance trusts wisely. If the premiums have been paid by using the grantor’s annual exclusion from gift tax or some of his or her lifetime annual exclusion, the face value of the life insurance policies on the grantor’s death isn’t included in the grantor’s estate for estate tax purposes.


Crummey trusts: Avoiding the gift tax


In a Crummey trust, creating present interest — the illusion that the beneficiaries have the right to use a gift at the time it’s given — is crucial. This illusion allows the grantor to use the annual exclusion to eliminate any gift tax consequences.


There are certain rules and steps that must be followed to execute a Crummey trust successfully:



  1. Making the gift.


    The grantor transfers money equal to or less than the annual exclusion amount into the trust.



  2. Setting a time constraint.


    When the gift is made, the trustee sends a letter to all the named beneficiaries telling them that they have a right to withdraw some or all of the gift within a specified period of time.



  3. Failing to withdraw.


    The beneficiaries fail to withdraw from the trust during this period. The grantor, trustee and beneficiaries all understand that the money won’t be claimed. Consequently, their ability to do so lapses and the money remains inside the trust.




This ability of the beneficiaries to withdraw a gift at the time it’s made is called a Crummey power. Crummery power creates the present interest required for annual exclusion gifts. In a Crummey trust, the trustee is responsible for investing the cash. Distributions may be made to the beneficiaries in the future.


Grantor-retained interest trusts: Transferring with benefits


In grantor-retained interest trusts, the grantor gifts a property into a trust but keeps an interest — either the income from the property or the use of the property — for a specified period of time.


In these trusts, the interest is finite, and the transfer of property constitutes a gift. The grantor must file Form 709, a federal gift tax return. The gift tax value is the value of the property at the date of the gift, minus the value of the grantor’s retained interest.


Grantor-retained interest trusts come in many varieties including these:



  • Grantor-retained Income Trusts: The grantor transfers property into this trust but holds onto the income for a specified period of time. After this time, the beneficiaries receive the income.



  • Grantor-retained Annuity Trusts: The grantor transfers property into the trust and receives a scheduled and fixed payment based on a percentage of the initial value of the transfer.



  • Grantor-retained Unitrusts: The grantor transfers property into the trust and receives an annual payment from the trust for a specified period. The unitrust payment changes annually. It is based on an asset valuation done on a specific day each year.



  • Qualified Personal Residence Trusts: The grantor transfers a residence into the trust, retaining the right to live there, rent free, for a specified period. After this period, the property belongs to the beneficiaries and they can allow the grantor to remain in the residence at their discretion.




Seek advice when structuring grantor-retained interest trusts. If the trust isn’t structured correctly the IRS may disallow the gift transferred into the trust.


It’s very important when dealing with a qualified personal residence trust that the grantor pays the new owners market rent if he or she continues to live in the residence after the specified rent-free period ends and the beneficiaries take ownership of the property. Otherwise, the IRS may decide that the grantor never actually made the gift and therefore still owns the house.











dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/insurance-crummey-and-grantorretained-interest-tru.html

How to Choose the Right Strings for Your Ukulele

Most new ukuleles — particularly cheap ones — come with low-quality strings. Switch them for higher-quality ones and you’ll be amazed at how much the sound improves. A decent set of strings costs $7 or $8, and the strings are worth much more for the amount of tone they add.


Like ukuleles themselves, different strings have different sounds and appeal to different people. So try a few out and see which ones you prefer. Start by trying the string makers with the best reputation: Aquila and Worth.


Unfortunately, with all the different sizes and tunings around, buying ukulele strings isn’t a straightforward task. If you find yourself with the wrong set of strings, you certainly aren’t going to be the first — everyone does it.


The first thing you want to check is the size of ukulele the strings are intended for. Soprano size strings work fine on a concert ukulele (and vice versa), but if you have a soprano instrument, avoid buying tenor or baritone strings — they won’t fit on a soprano ukulele.


Next, check that the strings aren’t low-G tuning (unless of course you’re looking for those specifically). Standard strings are sometimes marked high-G but not always. Sometimes you can see strings labeled aDF♯B (rather than gCEA), but in fact very little difference exists between the tunings, and so these strings work just as well in gCEA tuning. You may also see strings with the names written back to front (AECG or BF♯DA): very confusing, but these strings are exactly the same as the standard strings.


Mercifully, not all string issues are so vexing. Uke strings come in plenty of colors — black, white, transparent, brown, even pink — and they’re all perfectly acceptable.


Don’t try to put steel strings on a standard ukulele. Steel strings have a lot of tension in them. Unless your uke is designed to take them, you’re going to end up with a broken instrument.




dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-choose-the-right-strings-for-your-ukulele.html

iLife &#8217;11 For Dummies

To speed your work and save you time, iLife ’11 keyboard shortcuts are, um, key. That’s why you find collections of handy keyboard shortcuts for playing slideshows in iPhoto and iMovie, editing photos in iPhoto, and creating Web pages in iWeb. GarageBand in iLife ’11 offers shortcuts for recording and playing songs as well as editing tracks.






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Control Playback of iPhoto and iMovie Slideshows


In iLife ’11, both iPhoto and iMovie enable you to play photo slideshows or movies with your keyboard. After you become used to keyboard shortcuts, you can play, pause, or keep your slideshows and movies moving with ease. All you need is an iPhoto slideshow or an iMovie video and a keyboard, and you’re ready to show off your iLife creations.











































KeyiPhotoiMovie
EscStop a slideshowExit full-screen mode
Space barPause or resume a slideshowPlay or stop movie, or start or stop video capture
Command+G
Play selected event or project full screen
Up arrowIncrease slideshow speed
Down arrowDecrease slideshow speed
Left arrowMove backward a slide in a slideshowMove playhead back one frame
Right arrowMove forward a slide in a slideshowMove playhead forward one frame




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How to Edit iPhoto Slideshows with Keyboard Shortcuts


When you create an iPhoto slideshow in iLife ’11, these keyboard shortcuts can help you add, delete, copy, organize, and otherwise arrange your photos just the way you want them. When your creative work is done, use the keyboard shortcut for exporting photos to finalize your iPhoto slideshow.















































KeyFunction
Command+ZUndo last action
Shift+Command+ZRedo last action
Command+DDuplicate photos
Shift+Command+IImport photos
Shift+Command+EExport photos
Command+NCreate new album
Shift+Command+NCreate new album from selection
Command+XCut photos
Command+CCopy photos
Command+VPaste photos




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Edit iWeb Pages with Keyboard Shortcuts


An iLife ‘11 iWeb page is just a blank window until you start editing it to add content. When you add and format text, these iWeb keyboard shortcuts help you polish the look of it in no time. Simply select the text you want to format and use the keyboard shortcut to issue the desired command in iWeb. The instant results are almost as magical as the Internet itself.



























































KeyFunction
Command+Option+IShow or hide the Inspector
Shift+Command+LShow or hide layout
Command+TShow or hide Font panel
Shift+Command+CShow or hide Colors window
Command+ +Make selected text bigger
Command+ -Make selected text smaller
Shift+Command+ {Align text flush left
Shift+Command+ }Align text flush right
Shift+Command+ |Center text
Option+Command+CCopy paragraph style
Option+Command+VPaste paragraph style
Shift + ReturnInsert a line break
Command+ ReturnTurn off text editing and select text box




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Play and Record in GarageBand with Keyboard Shortcuts


GarageBand, which comes with iLife ’11, gives you great flexibility for recording and playing back songs, dialog, or whatever you want to record. But with great flexibility comes options, options you can execute quickly in GarageBand with the following keyboard shortcuts. After you use them a few times, your hands might start zipping around the keyboard like a DJ at the turntables on a Friday night.























































KeyFunction
Space barPlay from the playhead or stop the currently playing song
Right arrowMove playhead forward in small increments
Left arrowMove playhead backward in small increments
Option+Right arrowMove playhead forward in larger increments
Option+Left arrowMove playhead backward in larger increments
Home or ZMove playhead to the beginning
RStart or stop recording
CTurn the cycle region on or off
Command+UTurn the metronome on or off
Command+Shift+UTurn the count-in on or off
MMute/un-mute the selected track
SSolo/un-solo the selected track (that is, hear an instrument
solo)




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Lay (And Edit) Tracks in GarageBand with Keyboard Shortcuts


The ability to add and edit tracks in GarageBand, part of the iLife ’11 suite of software, is the heart and soul of GarageBand’s flexibility as a sound editor. You can create new tracks, move them around, and more with handy keyboard shortcuts. Whatever you record onto your tracks in GarageBand, these shortcuts for working with tracks are sure to help you create something your audience wants to hear.







































KeyFunction
Command+Option+NCreate new track
Command+DDuplicate the selected track
Command+DeleteDelete the selected track
Up arrowSelect next higher track
Down arrowSelect next lower track
LLock/unlock the selected track
Command+IShow or hide track info
Command+BShow or hide master track




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dummies


Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/ilife-11-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html

How to Browse the Most-Linked YouTube Videos

Many people create links on other Web sites that connect to videos on YouTube. To see a list of the most-linked videos on YouTube — and where the links are coming from – do the following:



  1. On YouTube, click the Videos tab to go to the Videos home page.



  2. On the left side of the window, head to the Browse section and click the Most Linked link.


    Note that a stat beneath each video thumbnail tells you how many links each video receives.



  3. Click any videos on the page that pique your interest.


    This takes you to that video’s page, and the video begins playing automatically.



  4. Click the More Stats link beneath the video window.


    Clicking this link reveals a list of the Web sites that are linked to this video.













dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-browse-the-mostlinked-youtube-videos.html

Depth of Field Experimentation in Digital Photography

Controlling the depth of field (near-to-far sharpness) in a photo allows you to dramatically change the look of your digital images. Going for a lot of depth of field gives you a photo in which everything looks sharp from right in front of the camera to the distant horizon. When you want the subject to look sharp but you want everything in front of and behind the subject to look soft and blurry, opt for very little depth of field.


Three variables determine the depth of field in your digital exposures: aperture, focal length, and focused distance (the distance to your focused subject). Adjusting any one of these variables without adjusting the other two changes the depth of field. If you play with two or more of these variables, the depth of field may change even more dramatically; then again, it may not change at all.


To get the most out of depth of field requires a little experimenting. Start with these suggestions, but don’t hesitate to play around with your settings:



  • To minimize depth of field, use wide apertures and longer focal lengths and move in closer to your subjects. Also, try to avoid having distracting objects right behind your subject. A blurry tree or fencepost growing out of the subject is the kind of thing photographers tend to miss while they’re totally focused on their subject but kick themselves for when they look at the photos later.



  • If there’s a lot of distance between your subject and the background, the subject will pop out more against the blurry background.



  • To maximize depth of field, use smaller apertures and wide-angle lenses and back up a bit from your subject. How far back you need to get depends on the lens you’re using and the aperture you choose. Inexperienced photographers are prone to have boring foregrounds in their wide-angle, maximum-depth-of-field photos. To avoid this problem, have a “center of interest” close to the camera, even if it isn’t your main subject. It could be flowers, a cactus, a spot between the rails of a railroad track, or a yellow stripe in the highway. Whatever it is, put the camera down low and get in close. The center of interest will draw the viewer’s eye into the rest of the frame.



  • When you just need a medium amount of depth of field, stick with midrange apertures like f/5.6 or f/8 for wide-angle to normal focal length lenses. At longer focal lengths, switch to an aperture of f/11 or f/16.






dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/depth-of-field-experimentation-in-digital-photogra.html

How to Add Weights to a Yoga Routine

Yoga with weights is a hybrid of two powerful, time-tested exercise systems: yoga and bodybuilding. Working out with weights is one of the best ways to achieve overall physical fitness, and yoga is renowned as a system of personal development by which you can cultivate peak performance and achieve a higher quality of life.


You don’t need to have lifted weights before now to study yoga with weights. The weights you use are only 1 to 5 pounds and aren’t difficult to get the hang of. If you’ve never picked up a weight before, rest reassured that holding a pair of hand weights or strapping on a pair of ankle weights doesn’t take any expertise whatsoever. The weights help you feel more grounded but don’t weigh you down.


What you need for a yoga with weights workout


Yoga with weights calls for 1-, 3-, or 5-pounds weights on your wrists and/or ankles. The weights stabilize your body and help you achieve a higher level of physical benefit and conditioning.


The addition of the weights makes you feel the effect of the yoga training sooner. The weights train your muscles where to be and where to go. In a beginning yoga practice, several months could go by before you start to “get it.” You have to figure out how and where to move different parts of your body. It doesn’t take you as long to understand what yoga is about when you practice yoga with weights, because the weights help you move your body into the right positions. The weights force you to engage the right muscles.


Weighing the benefits of yoga with weights


Before you take the plunge and give yoga with weights a try, you may be interested in knowing what the many health benefits of yoga with weights are. Here’s a list of health benefits you may experience if you devote yourself to yoga with weights:



  • Makes you stronger: Yoga makes you stronger and tones your muscles, but by adding the weights, you give additional boost to the muscle strengthening and toning powers of yoga.



  • Builds your core strength: Your core muscles are responsible for good posture. Unless your core muscles are strong, you can’t develop the muscles of your arms and legs to their fullest potential.



  • Tones your muscles: Yoga-with-weights exercises are designed to work and tone all the muscles of your body.



  • Addresses your flexibility and range of motion: Yoga with weights combines yoga techniques with physical culture practices. The goal is to achieve the proper body alignment and breathe correctly in every move and exercise while cultivating an open mind and heart.



  • Improves your circulation: Your muscles become stronger and healthier because they receive more nutrients. Stretching also helps renew muscles and muscle fiber.



  • Creates body awareness: Yoga with weights builds body awareness. You can think of yoga with weights as a dialogue between your mind and body.



  • Addresses balance and coordination: Yoga with weights helps you understand which muscles to contract or relax in an action, and in so doing it teaches balance and coordination.



  • Builds bone density: Weight-bearing exercises such as yoga with weights help bones retain their density.



  • Assists with proper breathing: Yoga and yoga with weights are two of a handful of exercise programs that concern themselves with breathing properly.






dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-add-weights-to-a-yoga-routine.html

Defining Terms: What Is a Directory Service?

Here is one definition for a directory service:



A directory service is a customizable information store that functions as a single point from which users can locate resources and services distributed throughout the network. This customizable information store also gives administrators a single point for managing its objects and their attributes. Although this information store appears as a single point to the users of the network, it is actually most often stored in a distributed form.



A genuine directory service is much more than a database technology that stores users and groups. This is a really important point — one that you should keep in mind as you review for the test.



The database that forms a directory service is not designed for transactional data. (For this reason, many people prefer to use the phrase "information store" in their definitions of a directory service.) The data stored in your directory service should be fairly stable and should change only as frequently as the objects in your network. For example, the data that forms a directory service changes much less frequently than a sales database. Data that changes very frequently would be stored in another type of database on the network. (Of course, Microsoft would suggest Access or SQL Server for storing your transactional data.)



What all good directory services should offer


Microsoft claimed to have a directory service in previous Windows NT versions, but it fell quite short of most industry standards. To be considered a genuine enterprise directory service, a system should meet the following criteria:





  • If necessary, the information store can be distributed among many different physical locations. However, for the purposes of searches and administration, it appears as a single database.

  • The information store can accommodate new types of objects, as necessary, to meet the network's changing needs.

  • Users and administrators can easily search for information from various locations throughout the network.

  • The system has no dependency upon physical location.

  • The information store is accessible from many different operating systems. Typically, this is possible thanks to nonproprietary communication standards utilized in the system.

Does Windows 2000 meet these criteria with Active Directory Services? You bet it does!



Many Windows 2000 Servers host Active Directory Services. You create these machines by installing the information store services and promoting the computer to the role of domain controller. These domain controllers exist, strategically placed by you, the network administrator, across the enterprise network. Even though they are distributed, network users access Active Directory as if it resides on a single server. In fact, network users are shielded completely from the actual complexities of the system — and they like it that way!



Active Directory Services rely on a "blueprint" that defines the types of objects stored in the information store. The official term for this "blueprint" in Active Directory is the schema. The great news for you as an administrator is that this schema is extensible — a fancy way of saying that you (or other authorized personnel) can add objects and their attributes to the schema to define additional components in your network. In fact, just about any information you want to store in Active Directory can be accommodated. For example, you may want to include Employee ID Number information for each user account in your Active Directory information store. Although the schema already has dozens of attributes for users, no such attribute exists, but it is one you should add! Just remember that you do not store transactional information here — leave that to a full-fledged database system.





Active Directory offers robust search capabilities for users of the network. You can search for any object stored in the directory, using any of the object's attributes in the search criteria. Following the previous example, you could search for all users in the network whose Employee ID Numbers are greater than a certain value. This is all so simple and flexible thanks to a special service in ADS called the global catalog. This special subset of the information store resides on select domain controllers called global catalog servers. These servers store the portion of the full information store that are most likely to be used in searches. They are very efficient at fulfilling the requests of network users (including administrators). Global catalog servers locate resources quickly and efficiently, regardless of their actual location in the network.



Thanks to a complex and robust system for replication of information store information throughout the distributed system, no reliance on physical location exists within Active Directory Services. In Windows 2000, you actually define the physical topology of your network in the directory service, so domain controllers can notify themselves effectively and efficiently of changes to the information.



Microsoft made sure to adhere to nonproprietary technologies in the design of Active Directory. This design makes integration with many other computer systems possible and even encouraged. ADS coexists well with Novell networks, UNIX networks, and many others.



Other directory services


Active Directory is not the only directory service in town. Novell has Novell Directory Services (NDS), or Edirectory, as Novell likes to call it these days. Banyan has StreetTalk, and we are bound to see more from Sun Microsystems, Netscape, and others.



The key to the success of these competing directory services will depend on support for LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol). LDAP specifies a standard, vendor-independent syntax for querying a directory service. Microsoft's ADS provides robust support for LDAP.



dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/defining-terms-what-is-a-directory-service.html

Online Community Managers Should Extend Their Education

Don’t be afraid to learn something new. This may mean reading articles about your industry, the brand, and online community management, and it can mean seeking education that better enables you to run your community.


It never hurts to know basic web or blog design and to stay on top of the latest techniques. Also, knowing about branding, marketing, customer service, public relations, and even basic psychology doesn’t hurt. In every profession, the people who get ahead fastest are the ones who aren’t afraid to learn.


Your brand may be interested in helping you on your journey. Many companies are willing to invest in their employees and pay for continuing education. If sending you to classes isn’t in your company’s budget, don’t be afraid to invest in your own future and do it on your own.


Educating yourself doesn’t necessarily mean sitting in a classroom taking notes. You can also attend conferences, webinars, and lectures; watch videos; and read books, magazines, newspapers, and web articles.


You know what looks bad? Watching discussions that you can’t take part in or responding “I don’t know” to questions. If you’re hired as a community manager, and you don’t know enough about the product or niche, you owe it to yourself to learn more and keep learning more so that you can hold your own in a conversation.




dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/online-community-managers-should-extend-their-educ.html

How to Fix Large Cracks in Drywall




Gather your materials.


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You'll need a 6-inch taping knife, a 10- or 12-inch taping knife, 1 square piece of plywood or a plastic mud pan, drywall compound, drywall tape (paper or fiberglass), and fine-grit sandpaper and a sanding block.





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dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-fix-large-cracks-in-drywall.html

Use the CRM System Plaxo to Maintain a Contact List

Many professionals use Plaxo to keep their contact records in order and monitor the online activities of the people they know. With the hundreds of online interactions you’re likely to engage in, keeping a record of all the e-mails exchanged between you and a particular contact is incredibly helpful. Plus, these days, you also need a way of staying current with all your contacts’ social media updates.


Plaxo was one of the first online contact management systems ever developed and is basically an online address book for professionals. Although you can connect with people on Plaxo and even see a stream of online activity from your network, it isn’t technically a social network but rather a venue for managing contact information.


Perhaps you’ve even received a notice from a colleague who uses Plaxo, asking you to verify or update your contact information on occasion, which wouldn’t be surprising because the site has more than 20 million users.


The low-cost monthly subscription for full features on Plaxo includes



  • Deduplication, in case you have the same contact recorded twice



  • Syncing between Outlook and Google accounts



  • Update-your-info reminders so your records are up-to-date



  • Birthday reminders (if you have that information) and e-cards



  • Backup services so, if you lose a computer, your contacts are safe






dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/use-the-crm-system-plaxo-to-maintain-a-contact-lis.html

Decipher Some Entertaining Symbol Substitution Cryptograms

Printing out this page will make it easier to solve these cryptograms. Drawing a light vertical pencil line between the words in a symbol cipher makes it easier for you to see the words and letter patterns.


Medium Symbol Cipher 1. Adapted from a story told about the last days of traitor Benedict Arnold (who died in 1801):


image0.png

Medium Symbol Cipher 1 Hint


Medium Symbol Cipher 1 Answer


Medium Symbol Cipher 2. Be careful to look at the details of each symbol in this cryptogram, so you don’t confuse one letter with another.


image1.png

Medium Symbol Cipher 2 Hint


Medium Symbol Cipher 2 Answer


Medium Symbol Cipher 3. There is a common pattern word in this cipher, spotting it will help to decipher the puzzle!


image2.png

Medium Symbol Cipher 3 Hint


Medium Symbol Cipher 3 Answer


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Medium Symbol Cipher 1 Hint

The first word ends with R.




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Medium Symbol Cipher Hint

The last letter is L.




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Medium Symbol Cipher 3 Hint

The last word starts with W.




>
dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/decipher-some-entertaining-symbol-substitution-cry.html

Nonprofit Planning Strategy Considerations

The following strategies are applicable to both the organizational and program levels, adapted from Alan Andreasen’s and Philip Kotler’s Strategic Marketing for Nonprofit Organizations (Prentice Hall). This list helps generate ideas and goals about how your organization can reach its vision. As you review this list, take note of what strategies you’re currently employing or ones that you can.



  • Surplus maximization: An organization runs in a manner that increases the amount of resources on hand. Usually, this strategy is adopted to accumulate resources for expansion or growth.



  • Revenue maximization: An organization manages itself to generate the highest possible revenues, perhaps in an effort to establish a reputation or critical mass.



  • Usage maximization: Organizations work to serve the highest number of users of their services. This strategy can be used to position the organization or program for funding or budgetary purposes.



  • Usage targeting: An organization provides services in a manner that encourages serving a specific number or type of constituents. This strategy is used to address unmet needs of specific populations or to cover the costs associated with providing services.



  • Full cost recovery: An organization manages its programs and services so that it financially breaks even, providing as much service as the finances allow. Many nonprofits adopt this strategy in an effort to provide services without entering fiscal crisis.



  • Partial cost recovery: Organizations operate with a chronic deficit every year, providing services that are critical and can’t be provided at a breakeven level of costs (for example, mass transit or the post office). These organizations rely on public and private foundations, individuals, and governments to cover the annual deficit.



  • Budget maximization: An organization maximizes the size of its staff, services, and operating expenditures regardless of revenue or cost levels. Organizations concerned with reputation and the impact of trimming services or infrastructure on that reputation employ this strategy.



  • Producer satisfaction maximization: An organization operates toward a goal of satisfying the personal and/or professional needs of a founder, staff, or board of directors instead of the established needs of external clients and customers.



  • Fees for service: An organization provides services to clients for a fee. The fee is typically below market rates and doesn’t cover the full cost of providing the services.



  • Retrenchment strategies: An organization emphasizes efforts to reduce internal costs to offset the potential or real loss of revenues or grant monies. Examples include increasing staff workloads, increasing use of part-time or volunteer staff, eliminating services or programs, or reducing non-fixed expenses, such as training or supplies.




Whew! Is that it? No doubt you’ll have all these strategies in place by tomorrow. In all seriousness, pick one or two strategies that you think can be the most effective in your organization and use them to develop the basis of your strategic plan.




dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/nonprofit-planning-strategy-considerations.html

Manually Adjust Scale on TI-Nspire Graphs Page

You can manually adjust the scale on the TI-Nspire Graphs page. By default, the axes tic labels are shown on the coordinate plane in close proximity to the origin. These can be accessed by pressing [MENU]→Window/Zoom→Window Settings.


Press [TAB] to navigate to XScale. The default setting is Auto. While the word is highlighted, type the scale that you would like to set for the x-axis. Repeat for the y-axis, and press [ENTER] twice to put the change into effect.


The scale can also be changed manually on the Graphs page: Move the cursor to one of the axes tic labels (located near the origin). Press [CLICK] twice to edit the current tic label. Change the value for the tic label and press [ENTER] to put the change into effect. Your scale changes remain in effect until one of the zoom tools is used.


The tic labels can be set to fractions. TI-Nspire CAS will even display irrational numbers like


image0.png

For example, if you graph f(x)=sin(x), you might want to change the tic label on the x-axis to


image1.png

You may be surprised to find out that it will display as the exact fraction,


image2.png









dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/manually-adjust-scale-on-tinspire-graphs-page.html

Figuring Out How Content Ad Placement Works

PPC as a business began with search-engine placement; ads are placed on search-results pages after someone searches, based on the keywords the person entered into the search engine.



But you can also place ads on Web pages that are content pages, pages that are not search-results pages. In this context, in fact, the term content page pretty much means "any page that doesn't contain search results."



How does a PPC system decide what ads go onto what page? There are a couple of different ways:



  • Contextual placement

  • Selective placement

Because no search keywords are involved, the ads are placed onto the page depending on the context of the page — which is why these ads are often called contextual. That is, the ad is chosen depending on what the PPC system finds on the page. In other words, the PC system reads the page, figures out what the page is about predominantly, and then places ads on the page that match this subject.



Ads can be placed onto a page in another way: An advertiser can choose the type of sites, or even the specific sites, that should carry the ads. For instance, an advertiser might say, "Place this ad on sports pages on a newspaper's Web site," or even, "Place this ad on sports pages in newspapers in Colorado."



Here are some variations on the content placement theme:



  • An ad is placed automatically by the PPC service, based on keywords in the page. An attempt is made to make the ads relevant to the page, with varying degrees of success.

  • An ad is placed on a page, with some degree of relevance. An ad for climbing gear might be placed onto a site related to rock climbing. Google provides a service called site targeting that allows you to do this, for example.

  • A totally irrelevant ad is placed, by choice, on a page. For instance, a mortgage lender places an ad on the local newspaper's Web site, trying to reach residents of the city without regard to what subject area the page falls under. (Such ads have extremely low conversion rates, by the way.)

Industry-wide, the advice you'll hear is this: "Content placement doesn't work as well as search-result placement." So the first reason to beware is that vast combined experience says there's a problem.



One major issue is that the viewer of the ad on a content page is in a different state of mind, a less receptive state of mind. When someone uses a search engine, you can be very sure of one thing: That person is searching for something (and your product or service may fit the bill perfectly). On the other hand, when someone reads an article on a Web site, he may have no desire to go further than the information he is currently reading. When someone uses a search engine, there's a very good chance he's looking for product information (research shows that product research is a very common use of search engines). When someone reads an article on a Web site, he or she may have no interest in purchasing anything. The searcher is a great prospect; the reader is merely a tangential prospect.



Generating results from print advertising is very expensive, often too expensive for any company that has to show a direct result between ads and sales, and indeed this is a real problem in the print world. How do you ensure that people reading an article read the ads? (Though, in many cases, print materials are purchased for the ads; many people buy the Sunday newspapers to peruse the classifieds, for instance.) In any case, what's important is the comparison between content placement and search-result placement, not with other forms of advertising. Search-results PPC is an unusually effective form of advertising because it reaches people when they are seeking something.










dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/figuring-out-how-content-ad-placement-works.html

What is an M&amp;A Letter of Intent?

A letter of intent (LOI) is basically an M&A form of a marriage proposal from Buyer. As the name implies, the LOI lays out the intent of both parties: Seller states she is willing to sell for the proposed terms, and Buyer states what he is willing to pay.


They are both agreeing to move forward to close a deal based on the terms in the document. It’s not binding, which means it’s not enforceable in court (well, except for the parts about confidentiality) and it doesn’t bind Buyer to the deal. In fact, either side can still walk away for any reason.


Buyer submits the LOI to Seller. Buyer’s lawyer may be the one to actually craft the LOI, although the lawyer works under the direction of Buyer’s advisor to make sure the business terms are what Buyer wants. After the LOI is ready to be submitted, sending it via e-mail is perfectly permissible.


The LOI is an important step because it lays out the basics of the final deal: the purchase price and terms, closing date, length of exclusivity, approvals, and much, much more. However, the LOI isn’t necessarily the final deal. Rather, it’s the framework or roadmap for that final deal. Based on what each side discovers during due diligence, and/or whether the profits of the company decline, the deal may change.


For most people, the transaction to buy or sell a business will be the biggest deal of their lives and careers. It usually involves lots of money and even more risk. Given the size and complexity of a company, one bad merger or acquisition may well ruin you. Because of the risk of buying or selling a company, you need to take gradual steps.


In M&A, the LOI acts as an important step in closing the deal. It defines the terms and the timing, and Seller agrees to stop talking to other potential Buyers. And assuming the company passes the inspection and assuming Buyer has (or can get) the dough, the deal closes.


Although they’re similar in some ways, an LOI is different from an indication of interest (IOI). Both documents are part of the process of buying or selling a company; however, the LOI lays out more specific terms.


An IOI typically has a valuation range; an LOI has a specific valuation. An IOI doesn’t ask for exclusivity, but an LOI usually does ask for exclusivity from Seller. Think of it this way: An IOI is asking for a date, while an LOI is a marriage proposal.


The LOI’s more specific terms provide protection for Buyer. The LOI allows Buyer to get serious about closing a deal without having to worry about another Buyer swooping in at the last minute and stealing it. The LOI also allows Buyer to get a close look at the company without having to lay out the money to buy the company.


Exclusivity is a key consideration. An LOI usually includes a lock-up period where Seller is out of the market — that is, unable to speak with other Buyers about doing a deal. Sellers should grant exclusivity very carefully and should do everything possible to limit the amount of time they’re prevented from speaking to other Buyers.




dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/what-is-an-ma-letter-of-intent.html

FDA Definitions for Nutrition Labeling for Restaurant Foods

If you are on a diet, eating out can mean trouble, but you can be sure that you’re getting a low-calorie meal when you order one. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has ruled that all restaurants (including airlines) must demonstrate that special menus comply with the same federal regulations as those used on the labels of packaged foods.


The only difference is that restaurateurs aren’t held to the same grueling standards applied to food manufacturers. They’re not required to do laboratory nutrition analysis — they can use computer programs to do their calculations and show that the menu items are prepared from recipes that comply with the standards. They don’t have to post the nutrient contents of their food, but they must have it available if you ask.


If you see these terms on a menu, they must comply with FDA standards.



  • Low calorie: It contains 120 calories or less per 100 grams (about 3 1/2 ounces).



  • Lowfat: It has less than 3 grams of fat per 100 grams.



  • Low-cholesterol: These items must contain less than 20 milligrams of cholesterol per 100 grams and no more than 2 grams of saturated fat.



  • Low sodium: It has 140 milligrams or less of sodium per 100 grams.



  • Light: This means that the item is low in fat or calories. (Restaurants may continue to use the term light as in “Lighter Fare” to mean smaller portions, as long as they make it clear how they’re using the word.)



  • Healthy: It’s low in fat and saturated fat, has limited amounts of cholesterol and sodium, and provides significant amounts of one or more key nutrients: vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, calcium, protein, and fiber.






dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/fda-definitions-for-nutrition-labeling-for-restaur.html

The Kickoff Rules of a Football Game

Like virtually everything else in football, kickoffs are strictly governed by a set of rules. In the kickoff, one team attempts to block the other and the kicking team wants to stop the returner inside his own 20-yard line. Both sides must abide by these rules:



  • The receiving team must line up a minimum of 10 yards from where the ball is kicked.



  • Members of the kicking team can recover the ball after the kick travels 10 yards or the ball touches an opponent.


    If the kicked ball goes out of bounds before traveling 10 yards, the kicking team is penalized 5 yards and must rekick. If a member of the kicking team touches the ball before it travels 10 yards, the kicking team must rekick and is again penalized 5 yards.



  • A member of the kicking team can recover the ball in the end zone and be awarded a touchdown.



  • Members of the kicking team must give the receiving team’s returner the opportunity for a fair catch. If he signals for a fair catch, the players can’t touch him and can’t come within 3 feet of him until he touches the ball.



  • The receiving team gets the ball on its own 35-yard line if the kickoff goes out of bounds before reaching the end zone. If it bounces out before the 35-yard line, the receiving team receives the ball where it went out of bounds.






dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-kickoff-rules-of-a-football-game.html

Online jQuery Resources

As you gain experience with jQuery, you'll likely have questions about more advanced jQuery techniques. And after you use jQuery plug-ins, you’ll be hooked and want to get more. jQuery.com provides lots of technical support and the official list of jQuery plug-ins. Visit these additional sites for answers to your jQuery questions and for more ways to extend how you use jQuery in your Web pages:










dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/online-jquery-resources.navId-405448.html

AutoRecovering from a Power or Computer Failure in Office 2007

Say you’re working in an Office 2007 program and the power goes out or your computer dies. Once you get your computer restarted and re-open the program, the Document Recovery task pane appears with a list of files you had open when the crash happened:



  • AutoSaved files are files that Office saves as part of its AutoRecovery procedure.



  • Original files are files that you save by clicking the Save button.




The Document Recovery task pane tells you when each file was saved. By studying the time listings, you can tell which version of a file — the AutoRecovery file or the file you saved — is most up to date.


Open the drop-down list for a file and choose one of these options:



  • Open: Opens the file so that you can examine it. If you want to keep it, click the Save button.



  • Save As: Opens the Save As dialog box so that you can save the file under a different name. Choose this command to keep a copy of the recovered file on hand in case you need it.



  • Delete: Deletes the AutoRecovery file. (This command is available with AutoRecovery files, not files that you save on your own.)



  • Show Repairs: Shows repairs made to the file as part of the AutoRecovery procedure.


    image0.jpg









dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/autorecovering-from-a-power-or-computer-failure-in.html

Wedding Planning For Dummies

Planning your wedding calls for myriad decisions: You have to consider everything from how much space you need to supplies for the bar, size of the tablecloths, and number of servers. If you want to be socially conscious and/or eco-friendly, you must plan for that, too. And, while you plan for everything else, don't forget a bride's wedding-day supply pack with everything from aspirin to extra stockings.






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Bride's Day-of Wedding Supplies


Brides, don't forget essential supplies for the actual wedding day. As a bride, blushing or not, your big day will run more smoothly if you're prepared for a tiny crisis or two. Pack a satchel or gym bag with the following items to help you get through the day:















































Aspirin, antacid, and sedativesMasking tape (for ripped hems)
Baby wipesPins (bobby, safety, straight, and hair)
Ballet slippers for dancingSewing kit complete with thread in white, black, and
bridesmaids' dress colors
Blow dryerSmelling salts
Brush, comb, and hairsprayStockings (two pairs)
Clear nail polish, nail glue, and emery boardStraws (for a quick drink without messing up lipstick)
Contact lenses and solutionStuds, cufflinks, and bow ties
Earring backsTampons and sanitary napkins
Extra copies of wedding-day and transportation scheduleToothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss, mouthwash, and breath
mints
Eye dropsTweezers, crochet hook (to get at button hooks and other teeny
places)
MakeupWhite chalk (a savior for lipstick on a wedding dress or shirt
collar)




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Bar Supplies for a Wedding Reception


Planning for your guests' enjoyment at your wedding often includes accounting for alcohol intake. If you're sponsoring an open bar, make sure that you supply the bartender with enough liquor and mixers — the following table can help you plan.


Note: Amounts noted in the following chart are for 100 guests with a four-hour open bar including cocktail hour. The quantities are mostly in liters because that's how liquor is sold, even in the United States.





















































































AlcoholAmountBeer and wineAmount
Campari1 literBeer2 or 3 cases
Gin5 litersChampagne during cocktails1-1/2 cases
Rum2 litersWine (white) during cocktails1-1/2 cases
Scotch4 litersWine (red) during cocktails6 bottles
Tequila1 literMixersAmount
Vermouth (dry)2 750-ml bottlesClub soda9 liters
Vermouth (sweet)2 750-ml bottlesCola14 liters
Vodka6 litersDiet cola12 liters
Whisky (blended)1 to 2 litersGinger ale7 liters
  Juices (cranberry, orange, grapefruit)8 quarts each
  Lemon-lime soda7 liters
  Diet lemon-lime7 liters
  Tonic1 case

For ice, figure on 1-1/2 pounds per person; 2-1/2 pounds per person if also chilling bottles.




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Planning Space-per-Person for Your Wedding


Knowing how much space each wedding guest requires can help you determine your wedding venue. Consider how much space your guests will need — whether you're planning an intimate wedding for 20 or an all-out extravaganza for 300. The following table shows recommended amount of space per person for various wedding-related activities:































SpaceSquare Feet Per Person
Ceremony8
Cocktails (pre-meal)8
Cocktails with dance floor10
Cocktails with hors d'oeuvres stations12–13
Seated and served meal with dance floor13–15
Dance floor3 (for a dancing crowd)




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Planning for Tablecloths and Servers for Your Wedding


Tablecloth sizes and the number of servers you need sound like mundane decisions for wedding planning. But the tablecloths and servers at your wedding reception can make a difference. After all, the right table coverings contribute to the overall effect you want to achieve, and having enough servers to carry food and drink can prevent a dining room disaster. Following are recommendations for both essentials:

























Tablecloth Sizes
Table DiameterFloor-Length Cloth
60 inches120 inches
54 inches114 inches
48 inches108 inches
36 inches96 inches

The ratio of servers to guests varies according to where you live and how formal your wedding is, but the following table offers suggestions for various types of receptions:





















Number of Servers
Type of ServiceRecommended Number of Servers
Formal, multi-course mealOne to two waiters per 10 to 12 guests.
Simple menu or buffetOne waiter per 25 guests.
Pre-dinner cocktailsOne bartender per 50 to 75 guests, combined with wine passed by
waiters.




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How to Incorporate Good Deeds into Your Wedding Planning


As you plan to celebrate your wedding, you can share the love with the less fortunate and show some love for Mother Nature. Be socially conscious and contribute to your community by using one or all of the tips in the following list:




  • Donate food: With rare exceptions, there will be significant leftovers if you are having a large reception. Arrange with the caterer before hand to give the prepared perishables to a food bank, and give them the details to follow through. Your caterer must be prepared to act quickly. You can find a local food-rescue organization through Feeding America (formerly America's Second Harvest) and be sure to read the organization's food guidelines chart to find out what they accept and what their storage requirements are.




  • Give a gown: Making Memories Breast Cancer Foundation of Portland, Oregon, holds "Brides Against Breast Cancer" charity wedding gown sales. Two other organizations, which outfit financially strapped teens for the prom, are The Glass Slipper Project in Chicago and Fairy Godmothers Inc. based in Hatboro, Pennsylvania.




  • Register for charity: If you have enough pots and pans, discreetly steer your guests to a Web site where, in lieu of gifts, they can donate money to your favorite charity. Just Give and the I Do Foundation enable you to create donation registries. Or have it both ways: Register with I Do's partner stores and up to 8 percent of gift purchases will be donated to the charity of your choice.




  • Go green: Tree-free invitations, organic food, party favors that help the homeless, eco-tour honeymoons — every aspect of your wedding can make a statement about being environmentally and socially responsible. Organic Nature News steers you toward eco-friendly choices.






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dummies


Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/wedding-planning-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html