When you’re ready to write a computer program, keep these how-to tips on programming in mind so the program you create has clear instructions for the computer to carry out tasks effectively:
Use descriptive variable names.
Use appropriate data types.
Write programs that are easy to read and understand.
Use simple algorithms and data structures whenever possible.
Comment your program liberally. (Or, as an alternative, make your code so clear and easy to read that you don’t need comments in the first place.)
Write modular programs by dividing a large program into several smaller programs that you isolate from one another.
Test boundary conditions by giving your program extremely high and extremely low numbers.
Choose the right algorithm and data structure for your program.
Eliminate all unnecessary instructions or variables.
Make your program work first; then worry about optimizing the program to make it smaller and faster. Remember that a slow, bloated program that works is preferable to a small, fast program that doesn’t work.
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Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/tips-for-writing-computer-programs0.html
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