Medical tests are one way that you can avoid potential complications with your diabetes. Different tests are required at different frequencies. The Canadian Diabetes Association recommends the following testing schedule for most adults with diabetes:
A1C: Every 3 months
Blood glucose meter:
On 2 or more injections of insulin therapy per day: at least three times daily
On 1 injection of insulin per day: at least once daily
Not taking insulin: individualized
Lipids: Total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol, TC/HDL ratio, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) at time of diagnosis and then every 1 to 3 years (more frequently if treatment has been initiated or changed.)
Urine albumin/creatinine ratio (“ACR”), blood creatinine, eGFR:
Type 1 diabetes: annually if you have had diabetes for more than 5 years (every 6 months if you have kidney damage)
Type 2 diabetes: at the time of diagnosis then annually (every 6 months if you have kidney damage)
Blood pressure: At every diabetes visit
Screening for peripheral neuropathy (with a 10-gram monofilament or tuning fork):
Type 1 diabetes: annually beginning 5 years after the onset of diabetes
Type 2 diabetes: at the time of diagnosis then annually
Foot examination:
By your doctor: at least annually (more frequently if you are at risk of foot ulceration)
By you: daily
Eye exam (by an expert eye specialist):
Type 1 diabetes: annually, beginning 5 years after the onset of diabetes if you are 15 years of age or older (more frequent eye exams may be necessary depending on the presence and severity of retinopathy)
Type 2 diabetes: at the time of diagnosis and then every 1 to 2 years (more frequent eye exams may be necessary depending on the presence and severity of retinopathy)
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