iPhone Application Development All-in-One For Dummies

The UIKit framework provides a great deal of your iPhone application’s basic functionality. As you develop your iPhone app, you customize the behavior of the UIKit framework by using subclassing, target-action, and delegation, but one challenge facing new developers is determining which of these mechanisms to use when. These tips can help you decide:

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When to Use Subclassing in iPhone App Development

Subclassing is one of the mechanisms you use to customize behaviors while you're developing your iPhone application. Subclassing involves two stages: (1) creating a new class, called a subclass, that inherits properties from another (super) class and then (2) adding properties as needed for your iPhone application. In general, you’ll want to subclass

• UIView, to create your (more complex) content views, which you may fill with controls, graphics, or the like.

  
  



• UIViewController, to manage the content views and connect it to the model.

  
  



• NSObject, to create Model views and delegates.

  
  

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Knowing the Target-Action Patterns for iPhone App Development

Following are the Target-Action patterns that you use when programming iPhone applications. You generally will specify the target as the view controller (which you’ll have already subclassed) because it controls the view in which these controls reside.

• UITabBarItem (for items on the tab bar)

  
  



• UIBarButtonItem (for items on the navigation bar and tool bar)

  
  



• UIButton

  
  



• UIDatePicker

  
  



• UIPageControl

  
  



• UISegmentedControl

  
  



• UITextField

  
  



• UISlider

  
  



• UISwitch

  
  

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Using Delegates with Views and Other Classes

When you create iPhone applications, you use delegates to implement application-specific behavior for “generic” views or classes. The table includes all known available delegates used in iPhone application development, though others may be possible. Exceptions to when you need to use a delegate are shown in the Special Use column.

Class	Delegate(s) Protocol	Special Use
ABPeoplePickerNavigationController ABNewPersonViewController ABNewPersonViewController ABUnknownPersonViewController	ABPeoplePickerNavigationControllerDelegate ABNewPersonViewControllerDelegate ABNewPersonViewControllerDelegate ABUnknownPersonViewControllerDelegate
AVAudioRecorder	AVAudioRecorderDelegate
AVAudioSession	AVAudioSessionDelegate
CAAnimation	None
CAAnimationGroup	None
CALayer	None
CLLocationManager	CLLocationManagerDelegate
EAAccessory	EAAccessoryDelegate
GKSession	GKSessionDelegate
GKPeerPickerController	GKPeerPickerControllerDelegate
NSError	NSErrorRecoveryAttempting
MKMapView	MKAnnotation
MKMapViewDelegate
MkReverseGeocoder	MKReverseGeocoderDelegate
NSNetService NSNetServiceBrowser	NSNetServiceDelegate NSNetServiceBrowserDelegate
NSStream	NSStreamDelegate
NSPort NSMachPort	NSPortDelegate NSMachPortDelegate
NSFetchedResultsController	NSFetchedResultsControllerDelegate
NSKeyedArchiver NSKeyedUnarchiver	NSKeyedArchiverDelegate NSKeyedUnarchiverDelegate
NSURLConnection	None
MFMailComposeViewController	MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate
SKRequest SKProductsRequest	SKRequestDelegate SKProductsRequestDelegate
UIAccelerometer	UIAccelerometerDelegate
UIActionSheet	UIActionSheetDelegate
UIAlertView	UIAlertViewDelegate
UIApplication	UIApplicationDelegate	Also used for push notifications
UIImagePicker	UIImagePickerControllerDelegate
UINavigationBar	UINavigationBarDelegate	To push or pop view controllers
UIPickerView	UIPickerViewDataSource
	UIPickerViewDelegate
UIResponder	UIResponderStandardEditActions	Support for Copy, Paste, and Select
UIScrollView	UIScrollViewDelegate	Under some circumstances
UISearchDisplayController	UISearchDisplayDelegate
UISearchBar	UISearchBarDelegate
UITabBar	UITabBarControllerDelegate	To customize a tab bar
UITableView	UITableViewDataSource
	UITableViewDelegate
UITextField	UITextFieldDelegate	To put away the keyboard
UITextView	UITextViewDelegate	To examine text being edited
UISearchBar	UISearchBarDelegate
UIWebView	UIWebViewDelegate
MPMediaPickerController	MPMediaPickerControllerDelegate
NSXMLParser	NSXMLParserDelegate

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Using Objective-C Operators

Objective-C operators, like those in other programming languages, let you perform operations on variables (hence the name). Objective-C provides many operators, and keeping track of all of them can be difficult as you program your iPhone app. Use the following tables to jog your memory as to which operator accomplishes what task.

Arithmetic Operators

Operator	What It Does
+	Addition
-	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	Division
%	Modulo

Relational and Equality Operators

Operator	What It Does
==	Equal to
!=	Not equal to
>	Greater than
<	Less than
>=	Greater than or equal to
<=	Less than or equal to

Logical Operators

Operator	What It Does
!	NOT
&&	Logical AND
||	Logical OR

Compound Assignment Operators

Operator	What It Does
+=	Addition
-=	Subtraction
*=	Multiplication
\/=	Division
\%=	Modulo
&=	Bitwise AND
|=	Bitwise Inclusive OR
^=	Exclusive OR
<<=	Shift Left
>>=	Shift Right

Increment and Decrement Operators

Operator	What It Does
++	Addition
--	Subtraction
*=	Multiplication
/=	Division
%=	Modulo
&=	Bitwise AND
|=	Bitwise Inclusive OR
^=	Exclusive OR
<<=	Shift Left
>>=	Shift Right

Bitwise Operators

Operator	What It Does
&	Bitwise AND
|	Bitwise Inclusive OR
^	Exclusive OR
~	Unary complement (bit inversion)
<<	Shift Left
>>	Shift Right

Other operators

Operator	What It Does
()	Cast
,	Comma
Sizeof()	Size of
? :	Conditional
&	Address
*	Indirection

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