Microsoft's Windows 7 operating system has powerful peer-to-peer networking features built in, so it’s easy to create a small, peer-to-peer network. With a Windows 7-based network, you can share files and printers, diagnose and troubleshoot problems, and more.
Windows 7 comes in six editions:
Starter: A simplified version that is available only pre-installed on computer systems from manufacturers such as Dell.
Home Basic: A special version that is available only in certain geographic markets such as China, India, and Pakistan. It is not available in Europe or the United States.
Home Premium: The standard edition for home use. You can use the Home Premium edition to build a simple peer-to-peer network, but not as part of a domain-based network.
Professional: Designed for business users with domain networks.
Enterprise: The complete version of Windows 7, which includes all the features of Windows 7 Professional and a few extra bells and whistles. This edition is available only to large businesses that have volume licenses with Microsoft.
Ultimate: The retail version of the Enterprise Edition. This version includes all of the features of Windows 7 Enterprise but can be purchased individually by home or small business users.
Windows 7 provides the following networking features:
Built-in file and printer sharing allows you to share files and printers with other network users.
A Network Setup Wizard automatically sets the most common configuration options. The wizard eliminates the need to work through multiple Properties dialog boxes to configure network settings.
An Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) feature allows a Windows computer to share an Internet connection with other users. The ICS feature includes firewall features that protect your network from unauthorized access via the Internet connection.
A built-in firewall protects the computer when it's connected to the Internet.
Simple user account management lets you create multiple users and assign passwords.
Built-in support for wireless networking makes connecting to a wireless network a breeze.
Advanced network diagnostics and troubleshooting tools help you find and correct networking problems.
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Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/network-basics-windows-7.html
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