Hypoglycemia For Dummies

Hypoglycemia is a condition you definitely have to pay attention to, but once you get in the habit of choosing healthy foods and avoiding processed foods that can wreak havoc with your blood sugar levels, you can enjoy a healthy lifestyle without too much thought. Making the transition can lead to cravings for the “old, bad” foods, but you can come up with strategies to deal with those and find that the cravings weaken over time.

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Foods to Choose if You’re Hypoglycemic

You can help manage your hypoglycemia, often referred to as low blood sugar, by choosing foods that improve your condition. You can enjoy a variety of foods, and the foods in the following list are tasty and healthy:

• Organic meats (grass-fed, if possible), vegetables, and fruits whenever you can

  
  



• High-quality protein (fish, poultry, lean meat, free-range eggs)

  
  



• Fresh fruits, preferably with a meal or half an hour before. Eat blueberries and raspberries often; stone fruits, such as peaches and nectarines, are also good. You may not be able to tolerate fruit initially. If that’s the case, wait several months before trying again.

  
  



• Fresh vegetables, especially dark, leafy greens, lightly cooked or, as much as possible, raw

  
  



• Raw, unsalted, unseasoned nuts and seeds

  
  



• Alternative sweeteners, such as stevia

  
  



• Filtered water

  
  

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Foods to Avoid if You’re Hypoglycemic

Controlling low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia, is easier if you just say no to foods that can throw your blood glucose levels out of whack. The following list of foods and food groups are those to avoid:

• Processed foods

  
  



• Fried foods

  
  



• MSG (monosodium glutamate)

  
  



• All soft drinks

  
  



• Artificial sweeteners such as aspartame (NutraSweet), sucralose (Splenda), and saccharine (Sweet’n Low)

  
  



• Hot dogs, sausages, and deli meats

  
  

Having arguments or debates or discussing unpleasant topics while you’re eating can affect your blood sugar as much as the foods you eat. So save the tough talks for a later (or earlier) time.

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Tips for Living a Hypoglycemia-Friendly Lifestyle

Dealing with hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, takes some attention, but doesn’t have to dominate your life once you get in the habit of living a hypoglycemia-friendly lifestyle. In reality, the tips in the following list are good advice for anyone who wants to live a healthy life:

• Chew your food thoroughly.

  
  



• Stop eating before you feel completely full.

  
  



• Sit and enjoy your meals in a relaxed atmosphere.

  
  



• Keep your daily food journal to help you identify patterns and customize your diet.

  
  



• Take the right vitamins and minerals.

  
  



• Get plenty of exercise.

  
  



• Get out into nature; get some fresh air.

  
  



• Read inspirational books or listen to motivational tapes.

  
  



• Release and resolve stresses.

  
  



• Get support from like-minded people.

  
  



• Maintain a positive, upbeat attitude.

  
  



• Ask for help when you need it.

  
  

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How to Deal with Hypoglycemic Cravings

Hypoglycemia seems to be about all the things you can’t have. But as you progress in your recovery, your senses, which had been dulled by artificial seasonings and sweets, will wake up, and you’ll discover that you’re enjoying food more than ever — and what’s more, you’ll be brimming with good health. Use the information in the following list to help you beat temptation:

• Toss it. Go through your cupboards, pantries, refrigerator, and desk drawers, and toss out anything and everything on the list of foods to avoid. If you need your favorite fix, you’ll have to get into your car and drive to the store, or do something equally inconvenient.

  
  



• Breathe. When you get strong urges to eat something non-hypoglycemically-correct, take in very deep belly breaths. Continue taking in deep belly breaths until the craving dissipates. Aim to breathe like this for at least five minutes. Don’t despair. It won’t always be this way.

  
  



• Bathe. Go take a bath or shower. Water can help clear stagnant energy, and soaking in a hot bath can help relax you. For stress relief, pour lavender and chamomile oils into your bath.

  
  



• Drink. Sometimes you may have a yen for a certain food when actually you’re thirsty. Instead of giving in to your cravings immediately, slowly sip a glass of water. Wait at least 15 minutes before you decide whether you feel hungry or not.

  
  



• Meditate. Ask yourself what feeling you’re trying to experience by eating the food you’re craving. Comfort? Love? Security?Meditate and bring the feeling into you. Visualize a balloon hovering above your head, and let it expand. Fill it up with all the sensations you want, such as peace, bliss, or healing. The balloon is starting to glow like the sun. Now let the balloon pop, and let its contents cascade down onto you, filling up all the cells of your body. Let your body absorb everything fully and completely.

  
  



• Visualize. Picture yourself happy and healthy — free of all food addictions. Imagine what life will be like when you recover. Think of what you’ll gain then, instead of how deprived you feel right now.

  
  



• Pause before caving in. Don’t give in to the urge right away. Bargain with yourself. Tell yourself, “I will eat in ten minutes or a half hour” — and you better mean it! Use the time to figure out what’s behind the urge.

  
  



• Switch and unbait. Switch to something that’s similar, but without the harmful effects. For instance:

  
  
  
  

  • Make your own ice cream using cream, protein powder, and an alternative sweetener, such as stevia.

    
    
  
  

  • Instead of cola, drink club soda with lemon.

    
    
  
  

  • If you crave the cool smoothness of ice cream or sorbet, make a delicious fruit smoothie. Use whatever fruits you like. Get frozen fruits as well as fresh ones and experiment with flavor and texture. (Avoid a smoothie if fruit precipitates a blood sugar drop.)

    
    
  
  

  • Make your own chocolate with carob powder and alternative sweeteners.

    
    
  
  
  
  



• Use alternative sweeteners. Stevia and Xylitol won’t trigger a rapid insulin response.

  
  



• Avoid artificial sweeteners. Kick aspartame out the window.

  
  



• Get active. Instead of sinking your fangs into food, do something else. Take a stroll down the office. If you’re home, do some housework and get things organized.

  
  

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dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/hypoglycemia-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html

How to Find Other Computers on a Network

To see which resources each computer offers, click to open its icon. If that computer is sharing a folder from one of its disk drives or a printer, you see the appropriate icon listed in the window.

My Networking Places in Windows XP

To view other computers on the network in Windows XP, open the My Network Places icon, either on the desktop or from the Start menu.

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Computers in a workgroup, as seen by Windows XP.

The above figure shows a cozy, two-computer network that was created by simply attaching an Ethernet cable between a desktop computer and a laptop. (Directly means no hub or switch.) Both computers show up as icons, labeled with their computer names. The Workgroup name, Cat, appears on the Address bar and atop the window.

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dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-find-other-computers-on-a-network.html

Photoshop CS6 Filter Gallery Colors

Many of Photoshop CS6's creative filters use foreground color, background color, or both, and you should select these colors before you get into the Filter gallery. Use this list for important Photoshop filters and the colors they use:

Filter	Color(s)	Filter	Color(s)
Artistic→Colored Pencil	Background	Sketch→Graphic Pen	Foreground + background
Artistic→Neon Glow	Foreground + background	Sketch→Halftone Pattern	Foreground + background
Brush Strokes→Accented Edges	Foreground + background	Sketch→Note Paper	Foreground + background
Distort→Diffuse Glow	Background	Sketch→Photocopy	Foreground + background
Render→Clouds	Foreground + background	Sketch→Plaster	Foreground + background
Render→Fibers	Foreground + background	Sketch→Reticulation	Foreground + background
SketchBas→ Relief	Foreground + background	Sketch→Stamp	Foreground + background
Sketch→Chalk & Charcoal	Foreground + background	Sketch→Torn Edges	Foreground + background
Sketch→Conté Crayon	Foreground + background	Texture→Stained Glass	Foreground

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Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/photoshop-cs6-filter-gallery-colors.navId-811527.html

The Basics of Oil Paints

Oil paint developed in the early 15th century in northern Europe. Until that time, artists primarily used tempera, an egg-yolk-based paint. Artists "discovered" oil paints when they began adding linseed oil to the egg tempera to make the colors transparent.

This discovery was a great leap forward for artists. The linseed oil allowed for a buildup of transparent layers of paint to create subtle and glowing colors. Oil paint has been the epitome of painting ever since.

Today, the paint you purchase in the store is a blend of pigment (the material that gives paint its color) and binder (which "glues" the pigment to the support). In the case of oil paint, the binder is linseed oil. When you buy a tube of paint, the proportion of pigment to binder, the quality of the pigments used, and the way these two substances are mixed together determine the quality of the paint.

You have the benefit of centuries of experimentation at your disposal. You have so many grades, colors, and types of paint to pick from, and almost all are top-quality paints. In years past, artists were subject to unstable paints that changed color over time, as well as some very toxic pigments! The popularity of oil painting and the good work of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) have provided you with the assurance that your paints are tested and safe.

Some toxic colors are still available. They have unique qualities that can't be perfectly substituted with safer materials. Artists who use materials such as lead white (or flake white) and Naples yellow (or antimony yellow) must be aware of the dangers of the materials and take precautions. You have no reason to expose yourself to toxic materials to pursue oil painting. Oil paint is safe and easy to work with if you always look for the ASTM seal on the tubes of paint that you purchase and if you handle the paint in the appropriate manner. The ASTM D 4236 seal assures you that the product is properly labeled for health hazards. You can also take precautions as you work. (And no matter what you see Van Gogh do in a movie, don't eat your paint!)

Here are some precautions to take as you work with oil paints:

• Don't eat anything while you're painting.


• Don't drink anything while you're painting.


• Don't smoke while you're painting.


• Use adequate ventilation.


• Never sand an oil painting; the dust particles from the pigments are particularly dangerous.


• Don't paint with your fingers.

The first three activities in this list may seem harmless to you, but they all increase the chances of paint accidentally getting into your mouth.

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Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/the-basics-of-oil-paints.html

Positioning and Warming Up for an Exercise Ball Workout

When you begin using exercise balls in your fitness program, you’ll need to know how to warm up and position yourself on the ball before your workout.

Working out with an exercise ball requires a lot of endurance. As with any new form of exercise, avoid overtraining by resting 24 to 48 hours in between workouts.

Positioning yourself on the exercise ball

Training on an exercise ball has its own unique challenges. Because of its round surface, the ball is able to mold to your body or roll away in some cases. Here are a few important points to keep in mind:

• Because some exercises on the ball require balance and coordination, starting out with the ball placed against a hard surface for support can help you gain confidence while you become acquainted with the exercises you'll be doing. Placing the ball against a wall or heavy couch may keep you from getting discouraged and give you a much better experience when you’re just starting out on the ball.

  
  



• Just sitting on the ball is difficult because it’s an unstable base that requires strength in your back and abdominal muscles. If you sit on a chair or a weight bench at the gym, you certainly don’t use any of these muscles that you use when working out on the ball. By bringing your feet closer together when you’re sitting on the ball, you can intensify your workout by altering your base of support.

  
  



• The farther away the ball is from your core (torso), the more difficult maintaining your balance is. For example, when you do a push-up on the ball, it’s much easier when you place the ball underneath your lower legs because it’s closer to your abs, hips, and glutes. To increase the difficulty, simply roll the ball out to your feet so that it’s farther away from the center of your body, making maintaining your balance harder.

  
  

Warming up before your exercise ball workout

You should always perform a warm-up before you begin your exercise ball workout. For a quick warm-up that gets the heart pumping, try a light five- to ten-minute workout of low-level cardio exercise to increase your body temperature and the flexibility of your muscles. Here are some suggestions for warming up the body:

• Jump rope for five minutes

  
  



• Get on a stationary bike for ten minutes

  
  



• Walk on a treadmill for ten minutes at a slow to moderate pace

  
  



• Walk outdoors, starting with a slow pace and working up to a faster pace

  
  



• Swim for half a mile

  
  

Warming up your body increases the temperature of your muscles, which reduces the risk of injury.

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Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/positioning-and-warming-up-for-an-exercise-ball-wo.html

iPhone Photography & Video For Dummies

If you own an iPhone, then you're never without a camera to snap a photo that catches your eye. And if you have an iPhone 3GS or iPhone 4, you can record digital video to document a spontaneous event. This cheat sheet provides a host of shortcuts, tips, and tricks that you might find helpful.

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Tips for Steadying Your iPhone to Get Good Photos

Holding your iPhone securely while taking a photo without getting in the way of the lens takes some getting used to. Remember to keep your elbows tucked into your body.

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Composing a Photograph on Your iPhone with the Rule of Thirds

Your iPhone can capture a detailed photograph, but how well the photo is composed is up to you. One common photo-composition trick is called the Rule of Thirds. With the Rule of Thirds, you imagine lines that divide your photo into thirds both horizontally and vertically. The four "power points" are at the intersections of the lines. Put the subject in your scene at or near a power point of the photo.

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Handy iPhone Photography Apps

With over 3,000 iPhone photography apps to choose from, you might ask which ones are vital. The following two iPhone apps are both useful and easy to use and can help you get just the photo you want.

Camera Pro: Live Histogram

Understanding a histogram can help you capture the shot you want. This iPhone app gives you a live histogram while you're composing your photo! This can be a tremendous assist in obtaining good exposure of your photo.

Notice the histogram in the upper-left corner. The Select Grid Type button lets you choose from three types of guide or choose no guide. It also lets you select Single mode (one photo each time you tap the Shutter button) or Continuous mode (the app takes three photos one after the other).

AutoStitch

Ever been out hiking or driving and suddenly you see a wondrous view that you want to capture — but the scene won't fit into one photograph! The AutoStitch iPhone app lets you take overlapping individual photos of the scene and present them to the app in any order; AutoStitch then puts the panorama together correctly. With this app, as long as you take overlapping photos, you can make the panorama at a later time.

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Using Depth of Field Techniques with the iPhone's Camera

The depth of field in your photography can have a dramatic effect on your subjects. A focus distance of four feet or more with the iPhone 3GS/4 means everything to the horizon will be in focus. But a focus distance of 4 to 18 inches can bring some compositional magic to your photos.

Depth of Field Distance Values

Focus Distance to Subject (inches)	Near Focus Point (inches)	Far Focus Point (inches)
4	3.5	4.5
8	6.5	10
12	9	18
18	12	34
48 and greater	19	∞

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dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/iphone-photography-video-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html

Knowing the Facebook Principles

Facebook is creating its own virtual world, a world built on openness and transparency. By giving you greater power to share, connect, and market your business through a Facebook Page, Facebook provides a safe environment for all to pursue their interests. Following are the principles that guide the world’s largest virtual community:

• Freedom to share and connect: You can share whatever information you want, in any medium or format. You have the right to connect online with anyone — any person, organization, or service — as long as you both consent to the interaction.

  
  



• Ownership and control of information: You own your information, so you have the freedom to share it with anyone you want and take it anywhere you want, including removing it from Facebook at any time. Your privacy controls allow you to protect those choices.

  
  



• Free flow of information: You can access all information made available by others. You also have practical tools that make it easy, quick, and efficient to share and access this information.

  
  



• Fundamental equality: Whether individual, advertiser, developer, organization, or other entity — you have representation for and equal access to information within Facebook, regardless of another person's primary activity.

  
  



• Social value: You have the freedom to build trust and reputation through your identity and connections, and you should not have your presence on Facebook removed for reasons other than those described in the Facebook Statement of Rights and Responsibilities.

  
  



• Open platforms and standards: You have access to a programming platform for sharing and accessing all available information in Facebook. The specifications for these interfaces are published and made available and accessible to everyone.

  
  



• Fundamental service: Facebook is free for you to establish a presence that can market your business, connect with others, and share information. Everyone can use Facebook regardless of his or her level of participation or contribution.

  
  



• Common welfare: The rights and responsibilities of Facebook and the people who use it are described in a Statement of Rights and Responsibilities, which are not inconsistent with these principles.

  
  



• Transparent process: Facebook makes available information about its purpose, plans, policies, and operations. Facebook has a town hall process of notice and comment and a system of voting to encourage input and discourse on amendments to these principles or to the Rights and Responsibilities.

  
  



• One world: The Facebook service transcends geographic and national boundaries and is available to everyone, everywhere, with Internet access.

  
  

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/knowing-the-facebook-principles.html

How to Sign Times and Directions in American Sign Language (ASL)

If you're using American Sign Language (ASL) to plan a meetup, you need to be able to sign times and directions. This video shows an example conversation of someone giving a meeting time and place in Sign.

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-sign-times-and-directions-in-american-sign-language-asl.html

Tips for Filling Garden Pots with Soil

3 of 8 in Series:
The Essentials of Container Gardening

When making a container garden, you fill pots with soil, stick in the plants, and add more soil. Here are some tricks to container gardening outdoors that'll help you grow healthy vegetables and ornamentals and save a bit of money, as well.

• *Don't fill your pot with soil from your garden — even if your garden has the very best soil on the planet. Garden soil is too heavy and too "dirty" (you know, replete with weed seeds, bugs and their eggs, bacteria — stuff that you don't want in your pots), and it may not drain properly in a pot.

  
  

  Instead, use potting soil (also called potting mix or container mix). Potting soil is well aerated, sterile, lightweight, and made of a good balance of organic material and mineral particles like peat, sand, or perlite. (Potting soil is actually soilless. That is, it doesn't contain any dirt.)

  
  

  At your local nursery or garden center, buy a packaged, sterilized, soilless potting mix that's meant for container growing. If you need a large quantity, many nurseries sell potting soil in bulk. You may want to try different brands over time to see which ones are easiest to wet and which ones have the best moisture-holding capacity and drainage. But don't have a personal crisis over which brand of potting soil you buy; caring for your vegetables properly after you plant is more important than choosing the perfect potting soil.

  
  



• Don't use potting soil to fill the whole pot. If you're growing plants in large containers, you'll be shocked at how much potting soil you need to fill each container. However, you don't have to fill the whole container with soil. Most vegetable roots penetrate only 10 to 12 inches into the soil. Add more than that and you're simply wasting soil.

  
  

  A trick to use less soil is to put empty plastic soda and milk bottles in the bottom third of the container, and then throw the soil on top. The container will be lighter and easier to move, you'll be recycling to help the environment, and you won't have to buy as much soil.

  
  



• Avoid using all the same soil each year. Planting in all of the same soil from last year can be bad news for your plants. Soil nutrition is depleted, and the soil likely has unwelcome diseases, fungal spores, and insects in it. Here are a few ways to reuse old potting soil:

  
  

  Start fresh by replacing the potting soil in your containers each year. Throw the old soil into other parts of your garden.

  
  

  Use the old soil in the bottom third of your pots and use new soil on top.

  
  

  Empty out your pots and clean them. Amend the old soil with some new potting mix, and refill the pots.

  
  

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/tips-for-filling-garden-pots-with-soil.html

How to Get Removed from an E-Mail Blacklist

2 of 8 in Series:
The Essentials of Spam and Blacklists as Applied to E-Mail Marketing

As a legitimate e-mail marketer, you may do all the right things to avoid being put on a blacklist, yet find your e-mails blocked from time to time. Sometimes, you make an innocent mistake, or your security is compromised, or there’s a problem with your Web-hosting or IP service. No matter how you get on a blacklist, your first priority is to contact the list holder and find out how to restore your e-mail privileges.

Getting off a blacklist requires that you know you’re on one, so be sure to monitor the status of your IP. Some of the most active blacklist holders to monitor include:

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  CBL (Composite Blocking List)

  
  


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  NJABL.org (Not Just Another Bogus List)

  
  


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  SORBS (Spam and Open Relay Blocking System)

  
  


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  Spamcop

  
  


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  Spamhaus

  
  

To get off some lists, you don’t need to do anything; for others, you need to make some changes and prove that you’ve made those changes. The procedures are as varied as the lists themselves:

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  Your IP may automatically drop off the blacklist, or timeout, after a specific length of time, which may be a couple of weeks.

  
  


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  You submit a form on the list-holder’s website.

  
  


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  You make adjustment to your list management practices to tighten security and make it hard for spammers to use your server, then apply to be removed from the blacklist.

  
  


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  Change your ISP. If the dynamic IP addresses your ISP assigns you are compromised, changing your provider may be the most efficient way to get off and stay off blacklists.

  
  

When approaching an entity that’s placed you on their blacklist, start with the assumption that something you did caused your domain to be added. A belligerent, take-me-off-now attitude can land you on a permanent blacklist with no chance of getting off it.

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-get-removed-from-an-email-blacklist.navId-610165.html

Library/List General Settings Area in SharePoint 2010

The General Settings area of the library/list has been expanded in SharePoint 2010 to include multiple new settings, including Validation, Column Default Value (for libraries), Rating, Metadata Navigation, Per-Location View, and Form (for lists).

Here is an overview to see what you can do with each of these options.

General Settings Configuration Options

Setting Name	What You Can Accomplish
Title, Description and Navigation	Just like it sounds!
Versioning	Configure item approval, versioning (major and minor), and require check-out.
Advanced	A plethora of options including allowing for content types, search visibility, allowing for folders, or datasheet view.
Validation	Allows you to create formulas that compare two or more columns in your library or list.
Column Default Value	Add or edit default values for columns indicated in the library or list Validation settings.
Rating	A Yes or No option that allows items in the library or list to be rated.
Audience Targeting	A Yes or No option that allows the library or list to use audience targeting. Enabling audience targeting creates a Targeting column for this list. Some Web Parts can use this data to filter list contents based on whether the user is in the audience.
Metadata Navigation	Allows for a hierarchical management of the library or list in the Navigation Tree View. Hierarchical options can include content types, choice questions, or a managed metadata field.
Per-Location View	Allows you to set the default view that appears when a user browses to a specific location in the list or library. When used with metadata navigation, you can set views for each level in the metadata hierarchy.
Form	Available for lists only. You need InfoPath 14 (2010) to utilize these settings.

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/librarylist-general-settings-area-in-sharepoint-20.html

How to Settle Arguments and Disagreements with Your Partner

Every couple experiences disagreements. When handled with care, respect and understanding, couples can resolve their differences in a positive way and learn more about each other. When not resolved properly, couples can quickly become isolated and driven apart.

Identifying your argument style

Working out how you and your partner respond to conflict can help you to understand how arguments develop.

• Subtle subversive: tends to avoid confrontation and often hints at problems through silence, nagging or whining. The problem is often the long build-up that develops before an argument breaks out.

  
  



• High-level attacker: often vocal and dominating during an argument. They may have come from environments where arguments were loud and frequent, and so see this style as normal.

  
  



• Pre-emptive striker: dislikes blow-ups and try to avoid a full-scale battle by any means. Can be a sensitive and defensive personality.

  
  



• Shock absorber: afraid of arguments, s/he refuses to engage in a row in any way at all. Beneath the surface can lie unvoiced resentment and bitterness.

  
  



• Peace-seeking missive: dislikes conflict and seeks to end a row as soon as possible. This can detract from focusing on resolving the cause of the disagreement.

  
  

When different styles collide, it can be difficult for a couple to interact effectively during a disagreement. The key thing to focus on is approaching the issue as the enemy, and seeing yourselves as comrades in arms.

Here are some early warning signs that a conflict is brewing:

• You avoid eye contact, physical affection and sex.

  
  



• You contract or question your partner on everything.

  
  



• You respond to attempts at conversation with short, curt replies.

  
  



• Your thoughts are focused on your partner’s negative qualities.

  
  

How to control your anger

If you display some of these signs you should first acknowledge your feelings and pinpoint the emotions you’re feeling. Then try to identify the trigger and consider whether external circumstances are making you more sensitive.

Decide whether the issue really matters before raising it with your partner. If it’s not important, get back on track by reassuring yourself and using positive self-talk to calm your anger. Aim to reconnect with your partner using either physical touch or words.

Master the art of negotiation to improve communication

Conflict is often fuelled by miscommunication. When couples start to argue, there’s often a focus on winning the fight, rather than resolving the issue. You need to listen to each other’s opinions and perspective without judgement. When asking questions, keep your tone and language relaxed and open. When you’ve identified the problem, it becomes easier to agree on a goal. There are a number of ways in which you can resolve your difficulties.

• Compromise: Both parties agree to back down a bit. But this can be a limited way of solving a problem, with both partners making sacrifices but possibly without achieving an ultimate solution.

  
  



• Collaboration: Couples focus on how to reach their goal by working together to find a new way of attaining a solution which works for both sides.

  
  



• Exchange deal: Oone partner agrees to the other’s wishes, but in turn makes a request which s/he feels is of equal value.

  
  

It’s a good idea to set a review date when you can sit down and discuss whether the solution is working. This gives you an opportunity for you both to reassess how the changes have affected the problem, and whether further action needs to be taken.

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-settle-arguments-and-disagreements-with-you.html

Computer Forensics For Dummies

Computer forensics is often painstaking, but finding electronic evidence that helps convict or exonerate someone can be immensely satisfying. Find out what a computer forensics investigator does and where the evidence is, the steps that investigators follow when obtaining and preparing e-evidence, and how that evidence is used.

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Computer Forensics: Where to Find Electronic Evidence

If you're working in computer forensics, knowing where to look for electronic evidence is critical. A computer forensics investigator seeks evidence in all the electronics on the following list:

Computer: Digital memories don't forget anything. A hard drive is a goldmine for locating every file that was created, saved, downloaded, sent, or deleted to it or from it, including documents, e-mails, images, and financial records. You can find file content intact, as well as a lot of details about when the file was created, accessed, and edited, and you might even be able to find prior versions. In short, a hard drive is the perfect time machine.	Web site that was visited: Any digital device used to access the Internet can be searched for a listing of where on the Web a user has visited — and when. No one surfs anonymously.
PDA: A handheld device records a person's life like no other device does. To find out the where, what, with whom, and how much of a person's life, check his PDA.	MySpace, Facebook, or another social network: Full transcripts of private chats and postings in social networks are gaining on e-mail as the primary source of e-evidence. Note: These chatters chat a lot and don't use punctuation or an easily recognizable language.
Cellphone or smart phone: As on a PDA, the information you can find on a user's phone can be the e-evidence you need — or it can lead you toward other e-evidence. You can find detailed logs of incoming and outgoing messages and text messages; transcripts of text messages; address books, calendars; and more.	Chat room: Sadly, predators and other criminals hang out in chat rooms all over the world.
E-mail: Everything, no matter how incriminating or stupid, is sent and received by e-mail. In fact, nothing is subjected to searches more than e-mail is. It serves as truth serum, and, for exactly that reason, the notorious connection between e-mail and jail is usually ignored.	Any device that has memory: Digital cameras, iPods, flash drives, SIM cards — if it uses memory, it might have evidence.
GPS device: Tracking technology has already been used in high-profile court cases. To find a person's whereabouts, check the GPS device.	Network or Internet service provider (ISP): An ISP is a fertile source of digital dirt and details. If bytes pass through it, each network device records it.

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Steps to Take in a Computer Forensics Investigation

Computer forensics is a meticulous practice. When a crime involving electronics is suspected, a computer forensics investigator takes each of the following steps to reach — hopefully — a successful conclusion:

1. Obtain authorization to search and seize.

   
   



2. Secure the area, which may be a crime scene.

   
   



3. Document the chain of custody of every item that was seized.

   
   



4. Bag, tag, and safely transport the equipment and e-evidence.

   
   



5. Acquire the e-evidence from the equipment by using forensically sound methods and tools to create a forensic image of the e-evidence.

   
   

   Keep the original material in a safe, secured location.

   
   



6. Design your review strategy of the e-evidence, including lists of keywords and search terms.

   
   



7. Examine and analyze forensic images of the e-evidence (never the original!) according to your strategy.

   
   



8. Interpret and draw inferences based on facts gathered from the e-evidence. Check your work.

   
   



9. Describe your analysis and findings in an easy-to-understand and clearly written report.

   
   



10. Give testimony under oath in a deposition or courtroom.

    
    

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How Computer Forensics Is Used in Legal Cases

The science of computer forensics is increasingly used in legal cases. E-evidence can make or break a prosecutor's case. Here's a sampling of legal cases where electronic evidence plays a role:

• Prove that something happened. You might find evidence in an e-mail indicating sexual harassment; in financial files indicating fraud or IRS violations; or in file transfers indicating theft of intellectual property, for example.

  
  



• Prove that someone did not do something. Image files of child exploitation on a person's office PC might have been downloaded by someone else because the PC had no password or firewall protection.

  
  



• Figure out what the facts prove or demonstrate. You might discover private e-mail messages, texting, financial accounts, or other online activities that demonstrate contract or patent violations, hidden assets, infidelity, theft of intellectual property, misuse of company networks, or illegal activities.

  
  

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The Role of a Computer Forensics Investigator

As part of the legal system, a computer forensics investigator helps build a case for or against a person or company accused of wrongdoing. Jobs that a computer forensics investigator might take on include those in the following list:

• Examine the prosecution's or opposing counsel's e-evidence for alternative interpretations. The allegation that a defendant manipulated accounting software might not be supportable by the e-evidence that has been collected.

  
  



• Assess the strength of the e-evidence against a suspect. Sometimes the client and the accused need to know what the prosecution knows in order to decide whether taking a plea deal is the right choice. Pleading guilty carries less jail time than being found guilty.

  
  



• Scrutinize expert reports for inconsistencies, omissions, exaggerations, and other loopholes. Check these documents carefully to see whether you can find mistakes.

  
  

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dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/computer-forensics-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html

How to Post a MySpace Profile Comment

Posting a Profile Comment on MySpace is an easy and effective way to communicate with the members of your Friend List. You can post a Profile Comment to say happy birthday, to post an upcoming event reminder, or to rehash last night’s concert. MySpace Profile Comments are a fun means to keep up with everyone else’s world.

Here’s how to create and post a Profile Comment:

• On your friend’s profile page, scroll down to the Friends Comments section.

  
  

  The Friends Comments section is usually shown directly following the Friends Space on your friend’s profile page.

  
  



• Click the Add Comment link at the top of the Friends Comments section.

  
  

  The Post a Comment entry form appears.

  
  



• Fill out the Body of the Comment entry form and click the Submit button.

  
  

  Enter the Profile Comment you want to leave for your friend. Include any HTML code that you want to include as well. If the user doesn’t allow HTML in the Profile Comments, that, too, is displayed on this form so that you’re aware of the setting.

  
  



• Confirm the Profile Comment and post the comment or edit it.

  
  

  A Confirm Comment screen appears and gives you a preview of how your Profile Comment will appear when posted. If the preview looks the way you want it to, click the Post Comment button to post. If you need to make changes, click the Back button on your browser to edit.

  
  

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-post-a-myspace-profile-comment.html

Photoshop Elements 10 For Dummies

The Photoshop Elements 10 Full Photo Edit mode workspace is where you correct brightness and color in photographs, add effects, and fix red-eye. Editing tools have icons and keyboard shortcuts, on Macintosh and in Windows. Use shortcuts with layers and selections to cut, copy, paste, and deselect.

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Photoshop Elements 10 Workspace Shortcuts

Photoshop Elements has two separate components: the Organizer and the Full Photo Edit mode. Manage photos in the Organizer. In Full Photo Edit mode, correct brightness and color in photographs, add effects, and repair photos. After starting Photoshop Elements, choose the Organizer or Full Photo Edit mode.

To Do This…	Do This
Open an image in the Elements Full Photo Edit mode.	Choose File→Open.
Get information about your image.	Look at the status bar. Click the right-pointing arrow to get more details regarding your document.
See detail in your image.	Press Ctrl+spacebar and click. (Zoom back out by pressing Alt+spacebar and clicking.)
Easily switch between open documents.	Click images in the Project Bin.
Access panels.	Choose them from the Window menu or the Panels Bin.
Show files from the Organizer.	Select options in the Show Open Files drop-down menu in the Project Bin.

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Photoshop Elements 10 Toolbox Shortcuts

Photoshop Elements editing tools have keyboard shortcuts. When you open photos from the Organizer in Full Screen view, Quick Edit tool icons are there for correcting and editing photographs. (The last tool used requires pressing the Shift key and then the keystroke. For example, if the Elliptical marquee was the last tool used, press Shift-M to return to the Marquee tool.) All gems with an asterisk are new in Photoshop Elements 10.

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Photoshop Elements 10 Selection Tricks

Photoshop keyboard shortcuts help you edit photographs quickly. Work with layers and selections, on a Macintosh or in Windows, with these shortcuts and cut, copy, paste, deselect, and adjust all you want.

	Windows	Macintosh
Add to selection	Shift-drag	Shift-drag
Deselect from a selection	Alt-drag	Option-drag
Deselect all but intersected area	Shift-Alt-drag	Shift-Option-drag
Deselect	Ctrl-D	Command-D
Reselect last selection	Ctrl-Shift-D	Command-Shift-D
Select everything on current layer	Ctrl-A	Command-A
Hide selection outline	Ctrl-H	Command-H
Cut selection	Ctrl-X	Command-X
Copy selection	Ctrl-C	Command-C
Paste last cut or copied image	Ctrl-V	Command-V
Paste into a selection	Ctrl-Shift-V	Command-Shift-V
Adjust levels	Ctrl-L	Command-L
Adjust hue or saturation	Ctrl-U	Command-U
Adjust image size	Ctrl-Alt-I	Command-Option-I
Open pop-up menu for Create options	Ctrl-Alt-C	Command-Option-C

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dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/photoshop-elements-10-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html

Creating a Successful Internal Hiring Process

Recruiting from within your business's employee ranks helps keep employee morale and motivation levels high. But limiting your business's recruiting search to internal candidates limits the candidates to choose from. Also, whenever you recruit from within, you always run a risk that otherwise important and valuable employees who don’t get the job may become resentful and even eventually decide to quit.

Initiate these procedures to set up a successful internal hiring process:

• Create a pipeline. You can communicate internal job opportunities to your employees in several different ways — everything from posting notices on a password-protected part of the company’s Web site to a bulletin board in the cafeteria to sending an e-mail about the position to passing out internal mail circulars.

  
  



• Spell out the criteria. Wherever it appears, any notice about a job needs to set specific requirements for the job — length of time in current position, the level of seniority needed, and so on. Include the basic rules in every posting notice.

  
  

  If you have specific requirements or rules for a specific job, make sure that you clearly note these requirements up front.

  
  



• Establish procedures. If you don’t already have one, make sure that you establish a procedure for how employees can apply for a position.

  
  

  Some companies require workers to apply through their department heads, but this approach can be a problem if the department head doesn't want to lose the employee applying for the job. Others enable employees to apply directly to the human resources office. It's your call.

  
  

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/creating-a-successful-internal-hiring-process.html

How to Plan Pages for Your Web Site in iWeb

2 of 8 in Series:
The Essentials of Building a Web Site with Mac OS X Snow Leopard

iWeb is the Web site creation and editing application included with Mac OS X Snow Leopard. Every properly designed Web site has a purpose: to inform, to entertain, or to provide downloads or contact information. The pages you add to your site should all reflect that common purpose.

iWeb can produce the following types of pages for your site:

• Welcome: This is the default first page that iWeb adds to a site you create. The Welcome page familiarizes your visitor with the idea behind your site, and perhaps offers a snippet of the latest developments on the site in a “What’s New” paragraph.

  
  



• About Me: This page provides a biography of you or another person, listing things like your age, favorite songs, and favorite foods. (After all, that’s important stuff.) Links are provided to your photo album pages and other Web sites you want to share.

  
  



• Photos: iWeb makes it easy to add one of those cool online photo galleries for your snapshots, complete with a Web slideshow! You can add Events and albums from iPhoto, too.

  
  



• My Albums: You can organize all your Photos and Movie pages on a single My Albums page. Visitors click a thumbnail to jump to the corresponding page Photos or Movies page; it’s a visual index done the right way.

  
  



• Movie: Got a QuickTime movie you’ve created with iMovie to share with others? This is the page that presents it to your adoring fans.

  
  



• Blog: Adding a blog (or personal Web journal) page is a somewhat different beast: iWeb keeps track of each addition you make in an entry list so that you can quickly add or delete entries without requiring tons of scrolling, cutting, and pasting. A blog page also includes an archive so that deleted entries aren’t lost forever.

  
  



• Podcast: Consider a podcast as an audio (or audio/visual) blog that is designed to be downloaded to a visitor’s iPod for later enjoyment. As does the blog page, a podcast page has an entry list and an archive list attached to it.

  
  



• Blank: Yep, an old-fashioned blank page, ready for you to fill with whatever you like.

  
  

Before you even launch iWeb, jot down on a piece of paper (or put in a Sticky) these important points:

• What message do I want to communicate to visitors?

  
  



• What tone will I use — funny, serious, or businesslike?

  
  



• What stuff do I want to offer: photos, movies, or podcasts?

  
  

Now you have the starting point for your site and you know what you want to include!

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-plan-pages-for-your-web-site-in-iweb.navId-405073.html

How Do I Prepare for a Colonoscopy?

While the “colon prep,” as it is commonly called, involves an inconvenient 1- or 2-day liquid diet and a bathroom camp out, it's a necessary step toward ensuring your continued colon health. Properly flushing out your large intestine before undergoing a colonoscopy allows your doctor to see your colon clearly and identify any abnormalities, including cancerous polyps.

Your doctor will give you detailed prep instructions when you make your colonoscopy appointment but, generally, there are a couple procedures you should expect to follow.

Stick to a liquid diet before a colonoscopy

Because solid waste material will interfere with the colonoscopy image, you’ll have to confine your diet to liquids for 1 to 3 days before the test. Blue, purple and red beverages aren’t allowed, because they can be confused with blood in your colon. However, you can have

• Broth

  
  



• Plain tea or coffee (no cream or milk)

  
  



• Popsicles

  
  



• Pulp-free fruit juice

  
  



• Sports drinks

  
  



• Water

  
  

The closest thing to solid food you’ll be permitted to eat is lemon-, lime-, or orange-flavored gelatin.

Some drugs such as aspirin, blood thinners, vitamins containing iron, glucose, and anti-inflammatories can interfere with colonoscopy results. Be sure to tell your doctor about all the medications you’re taking. He may ask you to temporarily adjust your dosage.

Flush with a enema or laxative

Either the night before or the morning of your test you’ll need to flush out your large intestine to make sure no waste material remains.

Your doctor will tell you whether he wants you to use an enema or laxative. He will probably tell you which specific product to buy since some are made for colonoscopy prep.

An enema will allow you to flush out your colon by squeezing water up into your large intestine via your anus. You’ll use a special enema bag with a pre-lubricated tip to inject the water.

If you’re using a laxative, you’ll either take pills followed by lots of water or you’ll drink a liquid. If you use a liquid laxative, plan on drinking several cups at specific intervals. It doesn’t taste good, but you can make it more palatable by using ice cold water and adding some flavored drink powder.

You’re going to swallow large amounts of laxative and it’s going to move through you fairly quickly. Make sure you wear pants you can easily take on and off. Stay very close to, or in, the bathroom. Make yourself at home with some magazines or a portable television. Have some petroleum jelly or some adult wet wipes containing lotion handy to soothe any skin irritation.

You’ll be given a mild sedative and pain medication before your colonoscopy begins, which means you won’t be able to drive yourself home after the procedure. Make sure you have a friend or family member with you who will drive you home and plan on taking the day off from work.

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-do-i-prepare-for-a-colonoscopy.html

Student’s Vegetarian Cookbook For Dummies

Vegetarians have so many fantastic ways to prepare all the foods that grow from the ground that your options are limitless, and you don’t have to spend a fortune on fancy-shmancy ingredients (college students don’t have a ton of cash to throw around!). Vegetarian meals can be inexpensive, quick to cook, healthy, and tasty — all at the same time. Before you get cooking, though, you need to stock up on a few staples. With a little experience under your belt, you’ll be cooking up feasts for guests in no time!

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Shopping for Vegetarian Cooking Staples

Before you cook your first vegetarian meal at home, you need to shop for basic ingredients. Stocking your pantry, fridge, and freezer with vegetarian staples is essential for cooking success.

Canned, jarred, and bottled pantry staples include the following:

• Beans (black, pinto, navy, kidney, garbanzo, and so on)

  
  



• Canned veggies (frozen or fresh veggies are healthier for you, but some veggies are easier to find or use in cans, like artichoke hearts, roasted red peppers, green chiles, and pumpkin)

  
  



• Diced tomatoes, tomato sauce, and spaghetti or marinara sauce

  
  



• Nut and seed butters (such as peanut, almond, and sunflower)

  
  



• Olive oil and vegetable oil

  
  



• Salad dressings and other sauces of your choice

  
  



• Soups, including lentil and vegetable (make sure the broth in any soup you choose is vegetable, not chicken or beef)

  
  



• Vinegar (apple cider and balsamic)

  
  

Spices and seasonings to stock in your pantry include the following:

• Chili powder, ground cumin, dried parsley flakes, Italian seasoning (this takes the place of oregano and basil), dried cayenne red pepper, dried red pepper flakes, salt, pepper, and any other spices of your choice

  
  



• Minced garlic in oil (and/or a bulb of fresh garlic for your fridge)

  
  



• Mustard, ketchup, soy sauce or tamari, and hot pepper sauce (only if you really like spice!)

  
  

Dry boxed and packaged pantry staples include the following:

• Baking mix (such as Bisquick or Jiffy Baking Mix) to use in place of flour, baking powder, and baking soda; seasoned breadcrumbs; and breakfast cereal

  
  



• Dried fruit, nuts, popcorn kernels, and sesame seeds

  
  



• Instant brown rice and whole grains (quinoa, bulgur, oats), plus containers of single-serving cooked brown rice

  
  



• Ramen oriental flavor noodles (the seasoning packets in the other varieties often contain meat flavorings) or GreeNoodles (green noodles that cook in just 2 minutes!)

  
  



• Sugar or a natural sugar substitute such as Just Like Sugar, date sugar, or agave syrup

  
  



• Whole-wheat pasta

  
  

Refrigerated staples include the following:

• Fresh vegetables of your choice

  
  



• Fresh fruit of your choice — and don’t forget lemons and limes for marinades and for seasoning foods

  
  



• Fruit juices and/or vegetable juices

  
  



• Hummus, seitan, tempeh, and tofu

  
  



• Milk, cheeses, yogurt, sour cream, and eggs

  
  



• Sandwich bread and tortilla wraps

  
  

Freezer staples include the following:

• Bread items: pita bread, English muffins, bagels, and pizza crusts

  
  



• Cheese pizza

  
  



• Frozen fruits, especially berries

  
  



• Meatless protein burgers and crumbles, hash brown patties, and breaded eggplant patties

  
  



• Pasta or rice dinners

  
  



• Plain frozen bags and boxes of vegetables (your choice!)

  
  

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Cooking Up a Vegetarian Feast for Guests

One day, Mom and Dad or some other significant people may call to say they’re visiting you at school. How should you entertain them? If you have a little notice, you can cook a vegetarian feast that will definitely impress your guests — even if they’re not vegetarians! Here are some tips:

• Come up with a menu to please all palates: A nonvegetarian guest may not appreciate sautéed seitan on a bed of flavored barley, but everyone recognizes and loves pasta marinara, tossed salad, and garlic bread. Choose a menu that’s guest-friendly.

  
  



• Assemble amazing appetizers: People love to munch, especially when they’re hungry. Serving small bits of delicious and colorful foods before a meal is a teaser that gets their taste buds into full gear in anticipation of the main event.

  
  



• Keep breakfast and brunch simple: The first meal of the day can be very impressive when you add subtle touches. Drizzle salsa over scrambled eggs; put a muffin on the plate instead of a slice of toast; toss a cinnamon stick into the coffee grounds before brewing the coffee. It doesn’t take a lot of effort to make breakfast a special event.

  
  



• Fix sandwiches, salads, or soups for lunch: A simple cup of soup and a sandwich can impress guests when you float a fresh mint leaf or a sprig of fresh dill in the soup. Make the sandwich on specialty bread and spread it with something a little different than the standard mustard or mayo. Use salsa, hummus, cream cheese, pesto, or some other snazzy spread before adding the sandwich filling.

  
  



• Think outside the box for dinner: Dare to be different. Awe your dinner guests by serving pumpkin-stuffed tortellini with a sage and butter sauce or gnocchi with a garlic mushroom sauce. Vegetarian sushi is visually stunning, as is broccoli cannelloni topped with an alfredo sauce. (Oh, are you getting hungry just thinking about all this beautiful food?)

  
  



• End with something sweet: Even if people overeat at dinner, they always have room for dessert. Stun them with a chocolate silk pie, tiramisu, caramel pecan cheesecake, lemon meringue pie, or something equally spectacular that leaves them totally captivated with your cooking ability.

  
  



• Go for garnishes: Garnishes work magic on a plate. They make ordinary food look special. You can put a pickle next to a sandwich, but if you slice the pickle and fan it out, it makes everything on the dish look more appealing. Fancy restaurants use edible flowers, raspberry glazes, sprigs of fresh herbs, and more to transform simple foods into a masterpiece. When entertaining, add a small garnish to each dish to elicit the wow response.

  
  

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dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/students-vegetarian-cookbook-for-dummies-cheat-she.html

Getting to Know Photoshop's JPEG File Format

Photoshop supports the JPEG (pronounced jay peg and short for Joint Photographic Experts Group) format. The JPEG format uses lossy compression. Lossy is the computer nerd's way of saying that stuff is lost during the compression process — namely, some of the data that makes up your image.

The good news, however, is that you probably won't miss what's not around anymore — sort of like when you were a kid and you "lost" your little brother at the park. You may notice a slight difference in your on-screen image after you save the file using JPEG, but when the image is printed, the compression is usually undetectable.

JPEG compression saves you lots of disk space. In fact, a JPEG image takes up less space on disk than a compressed TIFF file — half as much space, maybe a tenth as much, depending on your settings. Although JPEG isn't supported by as many programs as TIFF, it's becoming more and more common. JPEG compression works well with continuous tone images, such as photographs.

So should you use JPEG or TIFF? Here's a thought: Save in TIFF when excellent print quality is vital — for example, in high-resolution printing — or when you're editing an image. Then when you think you're finished editing and you want to conserve space, save in JPEG at the Maximum setting. You generally won't see the results of JPEG right away. But editing an image can bring out its weaknesses, and JPEG definitely weakens an image. So, going to JPEG after you finish editing is usually best.

Also, if you want to distribute your image on the World Wide Web, you have to save it in either the JPEG, GIF, or the new and not yet widely supported PNG format. JPEG works well with photographic images, especially people, where there is a wide range of colors. TIFF isn't an option for Web publishing.

When you choose the JPEG option in the Save As dialog box and press Enter (Return on the Mac), the dialog box shown in Figure 1 appears. Here's a rundown of the options you need to worry about for images you want to print:

Figure 1: When saving a JPEG file, select the Maximum option or, if space is limited, select the High option.

• The Quality pop-up menu lets you choose the amount of compression that's applied to your image and therefore the quality of your saved image. The higher the image quality, the less the file is compressed and the more space it takes on disk.

• The Quality option box and the slider bar beneath the box give you other ways to choose your compression setting. The slider bar and option box give you access to 13 settings (0 through 12), whereas the pop-up menu gives you access to only four. But, unless you're a real control freak, you can just select one of the pop-up menu options.

• Choose the Maximum or High option from the Quality pop-up menu. The Maximum option is best because it preserves the most image data, but the High option is okay if you're really short on disk space.

• For Format options, use the default setting of Baseline ("Standard").

Photoshop recompresses a JPEG image every time you save it. During a single edit session, this compression won't hurt because JPEG works from the on-screen version. But, if you close, reopen, and resave it in JPEG format, some damage, albeit small, occurs. Repeat this process over and over, however, and the damage increases each time. Some advice — apply all your necessary edits to the image, save in JPEG format, and leave well enough alone. If you need to edit an image over a longer length of time, save it in a native Photoshop format. Then save it as a JPEG only after you have completed your editing process.

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/getting-to-know-photoshops-jpeg-file-format.html

Planning Your Basic Bar Drink Menu

Most bars are fully stocked bars, so patrons can order their favorite cocktails, such as a gin and tonic, Crown and Coke, or margarita. But many bar owners create specialized drink menus to steer patrons toward unique beverages and cocktails that customers can only get at their place. Spend some time thinking about what kinds of drinks you want to be known for, and then create a menu to match.

Selecting beers for your menu

Select three local brews, three national beers, three light beers, and three imports. You can choose more or fewer, depending on the size of your place. For example, your theme might demand that you keep 80 beers on tap.

Storing beer at the right temperature is an important factor in maintaining its quality. Beer requires cold storage, so make sure that your walk-in cooler (a refrigerated room with proper door seals and a thermostat to regulate the temperature) is large enough to accommodate your inventory.

Creating a signature cocktail menu

When owners concoct signature cocktails for their bars, they often choose to name one of them after the bar or the bar owner. In some cases, your signature cocktails match your food menu (like creating special margaritas to go with your happy-hour fajita bar). Whatever you choose, make sure that your signature cocktails are special to your place. You want to create a vibe that says, "You can only get this here."

Martinis are easy to use as a signature cocktail because you can simply change the garnish. You can use house-stuffed olives — filled with blue cheese, anchovies, hot peppers, and other stuffings with a strong flavor — to make a signature impact.

You'll likely sell many signature drinks, so make sure you choose something that's fairly easy to make. Or you can make them up in batches ahead of time for ease of service.

Infusions are a great way to make something truly special to your bar. An infusion is a vodka that's been infused with fruits, herbs, candies, vegetables, and the like for three to four days or more. By creating your own recipes for infusions, you can create a one-of-a-kind cocktail.

Here are a few things to keep in mind when making your own infusions:

• Choose organic produce. Pesticides and vodka don't mix.

• Clean all your ingredients before you place them in the vodka. Impurities and dirt can ruin the infusion.

• Choose glass jars with tight-fitting lids to create your infusions. Talk to your liquor purveyor to get free containers.

• Create and test the first batch of a new recipe in the back of the house (not behind the bar) to make sure that your ingredients don't turn the vodka an unappetizing color. The last thing you want is an interesting bottle filled with brown liquid in full view of your patrons.

• Create drinks using your infusions that appeal to your clientele.

Think about serving your specialty drinks in specialty glassware. Use a local garnish, a special glass, a special size, or something else that distinguishes them as your signature drinks.

Planning your wine list

Depending on your expertise, clientele, and food menu, you may have a fairly small wine list. Most true bars offer two or three reds, two or three whites, two champagnes, and a blush wine. Consider listing your selections on the menu in flavor categories.

Including nonalcoholic drinks

Don't forget to include signature nonalcoholic drinks on your menu. Designated drivers, expectant and nursing mothers, aspiring athletes, and others enjoy bars without consuming alcohol. Don't miss the chance to dazzle them with something beyond a virgin strawberry daiquiri.

If you're not feeling too creative in the nonalcoholic department, consider serving beverages made by companies such as SoBe, Snapple, or AriZona to help you fill this niche.

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/planning-your-basic-bar-drink-menu.html

How to Manage Junos Devices with Simple Network Management Protocol

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an Internet standard protocol for managing all devices on an IP network. SNMP has centralized systems called clients (which SNMP calls managers) that actively monitor servers (which SNMP calls agents) by querying them and collecting status information and statistics from them. The managers generally run on dedicated computers called Network Management Systems (NMSs). Routers are one type of agent.

When you want the NMS on your network to be able to monitor the device, you need to configure the device to be an SNMP agent:

[edit]
user@junos-device# set snmp community public authorization read-only

To transform the router into an agent, you place the router into an SNMP community using set snmp community public authorization read-only. This command uses one of the common SNMP communities, public.

The second part of the command defines how the agent (your Junos OS) will respond to requests from the NMS system. An authorization of read-only means that the device will send its information to the NMS, but the NMS will not be able to modify any settings on the device (which it could do if you specified an authorization of read-write).

You can configure the device to respond to multiple communities, each with its own authorization level.

You can configure basic information about the device for the NMS to collect when it queries the device, such as the device’s location and description and who to contact about the device. This information corresponds to leaves in the system group in the standard MIB-II, and NMS on the network can collect this information when querying the device (in this case, a router):

[edit snmp]
user@junos-device# set description “Juniper Router”
[edit snmp]
user@junos-device# set location “Sunnyvale, California machine room”
[edit snmp]
user@junos-device# set contact “page-repair@juniper.net,
    cell phone +1-408-555-2000”

It’s always a good idea to make the SNMP community permission string something other than public. If you don’t, you can bet at some point someone will change the SNMP for every network device to contact you whenever anything goes wrong.

In normal SNMP operation, the NMS periodically queries the device. If any unexpected events occur on the device, the NMS finds out only after sending a query and examining the response.

However, you can configure the device to send notifications to the NMS when unexpected events occur. This notification means that the NMS, and the people monitoring the NMS, can find out about device problems more quickly. These notifications of serious events are called traps, and you can configure the types of events that trigger the device to send traps.

The following command configures the router to send traps when an NMS system uses the wrong community string when trying to access the device:

[edit snmp]
fred@junos-device# set trap-group authentication-traps targets 192.168.10.30
fred@junos-device# set trap-group authentication-traps categories authentication

SNMP Trap Categories

Configuration Option	MIB	Description
authentication	Standard MIB-II	Authentication failures on the agent (the device)
chassis	Juniper proprietary	Chassis and router environment notifications
configuration	Juniper proprietary	Configuration mode notifications
Link	Juniper proprietary	Interface transitions, such as transitioning from up to down
rmon-alarm	Juniper proprietary	SNMP remote monitoring (RMON) events
routing	Juniper proprietary	Routing protocol notifications
startup	Standard MIB-II	Device reboots (soft/warm and full reboots)

SNMP uses a set of acronyms all its own:

• SMI: Structure of Management Information defines the way data is stored in a Management Information Base (MIB).

  
  



• MIB: Management Information Bases are hierarchical databases, like a directory structure on a PC or Mac, in which SNMP agents (such as a router) store their status information and statistics. SNMP defines standard MIBs, and individual network equipment vendors can also define proprietary MIBs.

  
  

  The standard MIB for use in TCP/IP networks is called MIB-II because it is the second version of this MIB. For your SNMP client to be able to retrieve information stored in these MIBs, it must know the structure of the MIB. You can download all Juniper Networks MIBs, both the standard and proprietary ones, from the Juniper website.

  
  



• OID: Object Identifier is the number that uniquely identifies a branch (directory) or leaf (file) in the MIB. The OID is actually a string of numbers, with one number for each branch in the hierarchy and one number for the final leaf in the hierarchy.

  
  

  The OID generally begins with a period to indicate the top of the tree (the root node), and each subsequent number is separated by a period. An example of an OID from MIB-II is .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1, which points to the device’s description (sysDescr).

  
  

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Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-manage-junos-devices-with-simple-network-ma.html

Digital Photography Workbook For Dummies

Understanding some basic photography terms will help you take great photos with your digital camera. Take advantage of Photoshop Elements 6.0 to edit and enhance your photos once you’ve loaded them onto your computer.

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Digital Photography Terms

Get comfortable with your digital camera by learning some digital photography lingo and tips that will help you with lighting, portraits, and depth of field so you’re off and shooting great digital photos.

• ISO: The camera’s sensitivity to light. Increasing the ISO rating makes it possible to take pictures in low light conditions without using a tripod. However, increasing the ISO also increases the amount of digital noise that’s visible in the resulting photograph.

  
  



• depth of field: The distance in front of and behind the subject that appears to be in focus. When you shoot portraits, try to capture a shallow depth of field where your subject is in focus but the foreground and background are blurred. When you shoot landscapes, try to capture a large depth of field where the entire scene is in focus.

  
  



• f/stop: The diameter of the opening of the lens relative to the focal length. A small f/stop value lets a lot of light into the camera, whereas a large f/stop lets a small amount of light into the camera.

  
  



• Aperture Priority mode: Noted as AV (Aperture Value) or A (Aperture) on the camera shooting mode dial. When you set the aperture, the camera automatically chooses the shutter speed for a properly exposed image. Choose a large aperture (small f/stop value) to achieve a shallow depth of field, and a small aperture (large f/stop value) to achieve a large depth of field. You achieve the shallowest depth of field when using a large aperture with a telephoto lens, and the largest depth of field when using a small aperture with a wide-angle lens. Use this shooting mode when your primary objective is to control depth of field.

  
  



• Shutter Priority mode: Noted as TV (Time Value) or S (Shutter) on the camera shooting mode dial. When you set the shutter speed (the amount of time the shutter stays open), the camera automatically chooses the aperture for a properly exposed image. Shutter speeds can range from a very fast 1⁄4000 of a second to as long as 15 seconds or more. The range of shutter speeds varies depending on the cost of the camera and on the manufacturer. Choose a fast shutter speed to freeze action, and a slow shutter speed when you want to blur an object in motion. Use this shooting mode when your subject is moving.

  
  

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Features You Find in Photoshop Elements 6.0 Edit Mode

Once you’ve taken a digital photo and downloaded it to your computer, you can edit your photo to pixel perfection using Photoshop Elements 6.0. Take a look at some of the features of Photoshop to help you get started:

• Toolbox: You can access all tools when working in Full Edit mode. A tool with a black triangle in the lower right corner has additional tools nested with the currently displayed tool. Click the triangle to reveal a flyout displaying all nested tools.

  
  



• Tool keyboard shortcuts: Pause your cursor over a tool to reveal its keyboard shortcut.

  
  



• menu bar: Contains menu groups that are organized by topic. Click a menu group name to reveal commands in that group.

  
  



• Options bar: Displays available options for the selected tool.

  
  



• Project Bin: Displays thumbnails of all images open in the editor.

  
  



• Layers palette: Shows thumbnails of all layers used in the current image. You can modify the effect a layer has on underlying layers by changing its blend mode and opacity.

  
  



• Effects palette: Shows thumbnails of effects you can use to modify images. Effects can be used to make images look like paintings, pencil sketches, and more. There are also effects you can add to text and much more.

  
  

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dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/digital-photography-workbook-for-dummies-cheat-she.html

How to Install a Generic Drive in Your Laptop

In the Toshiba laptop shown here, you would press the release button and carefully lift the battery out.

Ground yourself before touching the old drive, and again before opening the bag or box that holds the new drive.

You can ground yourself by touching the middle screw on an electrical wall outlet, or by touching a metal pipe.

Locate the hard disk drive compartment or bay.

Your laptop instruction manual should include a chart showing its position.

Unscrew any locking screws that may be holding the drive in place, or unlatch any catches.

Set aside the screws in a safe place; make notes on any unusual steps you had to take.

Carefully open the carrier that holds the drive and disconnect the mechanism.

You need to remove some screws or other holding devices; place the screws in a safe place and make notes about anything unusual you have to do on the reinstallation.

Take the old drive out of the carrier and set it aside on a non-static surface.

Handle both the old and the new drive with care, holding them only by their sides. Don’t touch the circuit board, and be careful not to damage the connectors for data and power at the back. Avoid putting weight on the top or bottom of the drive. And finally, make sure that you don’t cover the drive’s vent or “breather” hole with tape, a cable, or plastic parts.

Unplug internal connectors.

These run from the drive to the external connectors on the outside of the carrier.

Install the new drive in the carrier.

The new drive has to match the original in size and location of attachment points and connectors.

dummies

Source:http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-install-a-generic-drive-in-your-laptop.html